Prioritizing high-contact occupations raises effectiveness of vaccination campaigns

A twenty-year-old idea from network science is that vaccination campaigns would be more effective if high-contact individuals were preferentially targeted. Implementation is impeded by the ethical and practical problem of differentiating vaccine access based on a personal characteristic that is hard-to-measure and private. Here, we propose the use of occupational category as a proxy for connectedness in a contact network. Using survey data on occupation-specific contact frequencies, we calibrate a model of disease propagation in populations undergoing varying vaccination campaigns. We find that vaccination campaigns that prioritize high-contact occupational groups achieve similar infection levels with half the number of vaccines, while also reducing and delaying peaks. The paper thus identifies a concrete, operational strategy for dramatically improving vaccination efficiency in ongoing pandemics.

PERKEMBANGAN KOGNITIF ANAK DALAM PERSFEKTIF PENDIDIKAN ISLAM

Children's education begins from family (household) where they are influenced by what their parents do by imitating and learning. So, children’s cognitive development is inseparable from the family environment. Children’s development in cognitive theory shows the cognitive skills in the form of perception, learning process, attention, language skill, and emotion. These all are implicated in children’s behavior regarding the cognitive development process in capturing, assessing, comparing, and responding to a stimulus before reacting. An individual receives a stimulus and then performs the cognitive process before reacting to the occurring stimulus. This process includes procedures for obtaining information, presenting, and transforming the information as knowledge. This knowledge reflects an indication of children’s behavior and attitude. Therefore, children’s cognitive development in psychological view is categorized into four: the sensorimotor stage, preoperational stage, concrete operational stage, and formal operational stage.

Data Analysis I to XXXX - Index for Happiness, Sadness, Feeling Hurt, and Herosim - Piaget's concrete operational stage in life span development.

Indexing of data for Happiness, Sadness, Feeling Hurt and Heroism (Acting Creatively to create authentic happiness for others and oneself by practicing Moral and Ethical codes (Yama and Niyama).

THE RELATIONSHIPS OF PSYCHOLINGUISTICS IN ACQUISITION AND LANGUAGE LEARNING

Through psychology we can learn about how students ' attitudes and behaviors in acquiring and learning languages while through linguistics we can learn about language concepts and structures. At the stage of language acquisition, there are four phases of language acquisition in the child (1) the level of the (starting from age 0 sampai1 years), (2) period of holophrase (starting at the age of 1 to 2 years), (3) The two-word greeting period (starting at 2 to 2 years 6 months) (4) The starting period of grammar (starting at 2 years 6 months – up to 3 years and above). And the four advanced stages are; 1. Sensorimotor stage (birth up to age 2 – 3 years), (2) Pre-operational stage (3 to 6 or 7 years old) (3) concrete operational stage (aged 6/7 years to 11 or 12 years), (4) Formal operational stage (12 years old to adulthood). While language learning is done formally in formal settings, For example language learning in the classroom. It is not important to learn anywhere while not in the classroom as long as the process of learning is directed at the mastery of the rules of the language consciously by educators as well as learners, the process is called learning. During the formal and informal learning process, the psycholinguistic process works to acquire language knowledge through a study. So this interdisciplinary can lead educators to understand the process that happens in every student who is faced with when they are trying to understand and identify the material understanding in language learning presented in the classroom.

Analysis of the Synthetic Fiber Influence on the Cement Stone New Formations Composition in Foam Concrete

The relevance of the search for scientifically grounded tools, with the help of which it is possible to ensure the growth of crack resistance and strength of foam concrete, is noted. The systemic need of the building complex for energy-and resource-saving operationally reliable building materials is emphasized. The positive influence of the surface energy potential of the fibrous fiber of polymer and carbon composition on the possibility of forming an improved structure of the cement stone in the composition of the interpore partitions of foam concrete has been scientifically substantiated. The article provides information on the foam mixtures formulation and the timing of their hardening. The scans of the investigated materials’ X-ray diffraction patterns and the identification table of the detected hydration neoplasms of the cement stone are presented. The scientific substantiation reliability is experimentally confirmed by the results of the analysis performed, from which it follows that all foam concretes contain quartz, portlandite, hydro-aluminates and calcium hydro-silicates. It has been established that the introduction of fiber into the foam mixture formulation creates the prerequisites for the appearance of such varieties of the hydrated silicate phase as nekoite, which has a fibrous structure at the nanoscale, and foshagite, which has an acicular structure of crystals with increased hardness. The listed mineral hydrated new formations of cement stone, due to their individual properties, should contribute to the foam concrete operational properties’ improvement.

PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN DARING TERHADAP CAPAIAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR

This study aims to determine the effect of online learning on the learning outcomes of elementary school students. The research method is carried out through library research by collecting data information related to relevant matters from various sources such as journals, articles, news, books. The criteria for selecting documents, namely that there is a discussion of online learning and the learning outcomes obtained during online learning in elementary schools. The results showed that online learning had an influence on student learning outcomes. This is caused by internal and external factors from students. Elementary school age students are at the concrete operational stage where they are able to do logical reasoning for things that are concrete in nature, while for things that are abstract in nature they are still unable to do it. Students have certain characteristics so they need time to adapt to be able to adjust to online learning. The learning outcomes obtained by students depend on how students respond to the online learning that is being carried out. The role of teachers and parents is very important for the success of students in learning.

Why Don't You Act Your Age?

Online search engines for children are known to filter retrieved resources based on page complexity, and offer specialized functionality meant to address gaps in search literacy according to a user's age or grade. However, not every searcher grouped by these identifiers displays the same level of text comprehension, or requires the same aid with search. Furthermore, these search engines typically rely on direct feedback to ascertain these identifiers. This reliance on self identification may cause users to accidentally misrepresent themselves. We therefore seek to recognize users from skill based signals rather than utilizing age or grade identifiers, as skill dictates appropriate aid and resources. Therefore, in this thesis we propose a strategy that automatically recognizes users on the fly by analyzing search behavior found in search sessions. In particular, our efforts focus on recognizing the stereotypical 8 to 12 year old searcher, who we posit exhibits skills defined by developmental stages that have a strong impact on language development (Piaget's concrete operational stage) and search literacy (digital competency's first level). This strategy analyzes user-generated text extracted from queries and patterns of search interactions in order to infer features that are leveraged by a random forest classifier in order to determine whether or not a user is a part of this specific segment of searchers. The outcomes from this thesis lay the groundwork for enabling search engines to recognize users based on their search skills and provides further insight into the search behavior of youths.

Using Monte Carlo simulations to translate military and law enforcement training results to operational metrics

There are numerous challenges comparing research initiatives due to methodological differences and scenario-specific problems. Military and law enforcement issues present an extreme variant of this challenge. Specifically, assessment and training scenarios strive for realism, but operators cannot engage one another with live rounds or induce the full spectrum of environmental stressors for obvious safety reasons. Instead, particular factors are evaluated in a given scenario via experimental statistics despite the inherent difficulty in communicating inferential statistics to the intended audience of military and law enforcement professionals. The current investigation explores how Monte Carlo simulations can use probabilistic distribution sampling to convert statistical inferences into concrete operational outcomes. Using this type of distribution sampling, statistical inferences can be translated into operational metrics such as the probability of winning a gunfight. Describing these statistical values and effect sizes in terms of survival provides a more appreciable operational metric that military and law enforcement personnel can use when evaluating the advantages of various training platforms or equipment. Several approaches are examined that each accomplish this general goal, including circumstances outside of marksmanship and lethal force decision-making.

Efektivitas Pembelajaran Etnomatematika “Permainan Engklek” Terhadap Pemahaman Konsep Geometri Siswa Sekolah Dasar

Mathematics learning in elementary schools frequently encountered obstacles in material delivery. It was due to the abstract concepts of mathematics and the character of students who entered the concrete operational phase. Ethnomathematics learning could become an effort to overcome those obstacles. The purpose of this study was to determined the effectiveness of learning ethnomathematics "engklek-game" on the understanding of geometry concept for third-grade students of SDN 4 Sepanjang Glenmore. This study used a mixed-method approach with the type of experimental research one-group pretest-posttest design. Data collection techniques were through written tests and interviews. The quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and used paired sample t-test. The qualitative data was analyzed by reducing the data, presenting the data, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study showed that learning ethnomathematics "engklek-game" obtained Sig. (2-tailed) of 0.000, so that it had a significant effect on the understanding of the geometry concept of students in grade III SDN 4 Sepanjang Glenmore. Based on the results of the interview, it found that the student response was good. Teachers stated that students were enthusiastic during the learning, which led to an increase in learning outcomes before and after learning ethnomathematics "engklek-game."

Learning Needs Analysis: Thematic Teaching Book Based on HOTS Assisted with 3D Stereoscopic Images to Improve Critical Thinking Ability of Elementary School Students

This study is descriptive explorative which aims to see the needs of teachers and students in implementing High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) based learning in thematic learning. The research objectives were achieved through observation, interviews and document study. The results of observations show that in learning students have problems with learning interest, this can be seen when students do activities that are not related to learning. Meanwhile, the results of the interviews which were supported by document study data revealed that in the thematic book the conceptual presentation was not given in depth. It is necessary to add various activities that support the student learning process. In addition, the teacher argues that it is necessary to provide pictures as an illustration of the teaching concept given, this is because elementary school students are in the 7-11 year age range who are still in the concrete operational thinking stage which requires textbooks that can present abstract concepts. concretely. Based on this, it is natural that students are not interested in participating in learning. This study concludes that the thematic textbooks currently used have shortcomings in the presentation of HOTS material and supporting activities. To cover these shortcomings, it is necessary to develop thematic books that have a more complete concept of material and are made according to the characteristics of elementary school students and contain various activities to support HOTS ability improvement. The development of textbooks is needed as an effort to increase learning interest so that learning objectives can be maximally achieved.