Welcome to Winkler! : rural immigration initiatives in Canada's western provinces

Through information available on the internet and interviews with program officials, 15 rural immigration initiatives and four provincial nominee programs in Canada's Western provinces were investigated to determine which factors contribute to successful attraction, integration, and retention of immigrants to rural areas. Initiatives targeted economic immigrants, and were provincially and/or municipally driven in order to accurately reflect specific gaps in the labour market. The receiving municipality must have the economic and social capacity for the immigrant, which includes the financial and political resources to provide settlement assistance, support of all community institutions, and a welcoming attitude shown towards immigrants. Targeting immigrants belonging to already-existing ethnic groups within the community minimizes the costs of formal settlement assistance while increasing the likelihood of the immigrants' social and political integration. The provincial nominee program is one such initiative incorporating all of these ingredients, and has gained greater use by the provinces and communities over time.

Welcome to Winkler! : rural immigration initiatives in Canada's western provinces

Through information available on the internet and interviews with program officials, 15 rural immigration initiatives and four provincial nominee programs in Canada's Western provinces were investigated to determine which factors contribute to successful attraction, integration, and retention of immigrants to rural areas. Initiatives targeted economic immigrants, and were provincially and/or municipally driven in order to accurately reflect specific gaps in the labour market. The receiving municipality must have the economic and social capacity for the immigrant, which includes the financial and political resources to provide settlement assistance, support of all community institutions, and a welcoming attitude shown towards immigrants. Targeting immigrants belonging to already-existing ethnic groups within the community minimizes the costs of formal settlement assistance while increasing the likelihood of the immigrants' social and political integration. The provincial nominee program is one such initiative incorporating all of these ingredients, and has gained greater use by the provinces and communities over time.

Madrid, Cante Jondo, and Nostalgia

This chapter provides an account of the cante jondo competition organized by Manuel de Falla and Federico García Lorca in Granada in 1922, which has been the object of substantial attention by scholars who regard cante jondo as an example of invented tradition. The chapter adds a new angle to this discussion as it argues that this competition helped to negotiate the tensions between Andalusia and Madrid provoked by rural immigration in the second half of the nineteenth century, and to restore the image of Gypsies from the damage inflicted by Eugenio Noel and other anti-flamenquismo critics. While Falla and Lorca used cante jondo as an antidote against flamenquismo, many critics in Madrid embraced flamenquismo as an antidote against jazz, which they regarded as a modern foreign import that threatened to annihilate national traditions. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the extent to which Andalusian identity and traditions were misunderstood in Madrid.