PERSAMAAN HUKUM KEBEBASAN BERPOLITIK ANGGOTA TENTARA NASIONAL INDONESIA DAN KEPOLISIAN NEGARA REPUBLIK INDONESIA DALAM PEMILIHAN UMUM DI INDONESIA

ABSTRACT The members of INA and PIR don’t give right to vote and be elected in general elections because there is worried about right to vote and be elected will be bringing on not neutral in general election, with the result that general elections principle is direct, general, secret, honest, and fair will not be achieved if right to vote and be elected is given. Although that worried still be able to debate in theoretical. It is becaused if right to vote and be elected for members of INA and PIR are given, so will not influence the vote result majority in general elections. The concept to give right to vote and be elected for members INA and PIR in general elections need to be implemented, because in the first general elections in 1955 the members of INA and PIR follow to vote and be elected in general election, and than there was not problem happen in thats time. Because of that be alternative thought bargained in this thesis; The concept of legal protection for members INA and PIR in political freedom is looked from human right protection principle is given freedom for members INA and PIR to vote the candidates house representatives, house representative region, house representative people, President and Vice President with free without any pressures from the institution INA and PIR. And than for the members INA and PIR propose their self as candidates the members House Representative, House Representative Region, House Representative People, President and Vice President permitted to be candidate as form of political freedom to every people Keyword: legal equality, political freedom, general election.

The State of Human Rights and Human Security in FDRE: A Comparative Case Study of Tigray and Afar Regional States

This study is the result of a comparative case study about the protection of human right from the vintage point of the promotion of human security in Tigray and Afar National Regional States in Ethiopia. Despite the multifaceted differences between the two regions, the study shows how the universality of human rights and contextual nature of human security plays off and has comparatively examined the protection and promotion of human right and human security in the study area. In the academic literature, glossy either condemnation or admiration of the state of human right and human security in FDRE (Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia) is a common representation. However, this study contends that there are similarities and stark differences in the state of human rights and human security between the two regions. Still, human right violations remain to significantly hinder the promotion of human security. Besides political (threats and risks) insecurity, which is common to regions, livelihood insecurity in Afar, personal and physical insecurities in Tigray are major indicators of slack in human right protection.