marginally trapped surface
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Author(s):  
Hirotaka Yoshino ◽  
Keisuke Izumi ◽  
Tetsuya Shiromizu ◽  
Yoshimune Tomikawa

Abstract A dynamically transversely trapping surface (DTTS) is a new concept for an extension of a photon sphere that appropriately represents a strong gravity region and has close analogy with a trapped surface. We study formation of a marginally DTTS in time-symmetric, conformally flat initial data with two black holes, with a spindle-shaped source, and with a ring-shaped source, and clarify that $\mathcal{C}\lesssim 6\pi GM$ describes the condition for the DTTS formation well, where $\mathcal{C}$ is the circumference and $M$ is the mass of the system. This indicates that an understanding analogous to the hoop conjecture for the horizon formation is possible. Exploring the ring system further, we find configurations where a marginally DTTS with the torus topology forms inside a marginally DTTS with the spherical topology, without being hidden by an apparent horizon. There also exist configurations where a marginally trapped surface with the torus topology forms inside a marginally trapped surface with the spherical topology, showing a further similarity between DTTSs and trapped surfaces.


2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1350060 ◽  
Author(s):  
GEORGI GANCHEV ◽  
VELICHKA MILOUSHEVA

A marginally trapped surface in the four-dimensional Minkowski space is a spacelike surface whose mean curvature vector is lightlike at each point. We introduce meridian surfaces of parabolic type as one-parameter systems of meridians of a rotational hypersurface with lightlike axis in Minkowski 4-space and find their basic invariants. We find all marginally trapped meridian surfaces of parabolic type and give a geometric construction of these surfaces.


2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bang-Yen Chen

The concept of trapped surfaces introduced by Sir Roger Penrose in [Phys. Rev. Lett. 14 (1965), 57-59] plays an extremely important role in cosmology and general relativity. A black hole is a trapped region in a space-time enclosed by a marginally trapped surface. In term of mean curvature vector, a space-like surface in a space-time is marginally trapped if its mean curvature vector field is light-like at each point. In this article, we survey recent classification results on marginally trapped surfaces from differential geometric viewpoint. Also, we survey recent results on a closely related subject; namely, quasi-minimal surfaces in pseudo-Riemannian manifolds.


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