DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF 3D PRINTER

The project entitled Design and Fabrication of a 3D Printer defines about the different types of D printer being used in the market and the final analysis of the various input and output parameters that has been taken into consideration. It also describes about the present application and the future scope of the 3D Printer. A 2D-sketch of butterfly was been prepared in the Solidworks software which was further extruded into its 3D-model. After converting the 2D sketch into 3D model the file was saved and transferred in the STL (Standard Tessellation Language) file format for the final layer by layer manufacturing in the 3D printer. Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) type of 3D printer is been used in the project which does the modelling by depositing the filament through heated nozzle layer by layer on the heated plate to form the final object. Thus taking the input parameter as the Nozzle diameter, travel speed and layer height we considered the output parameter as Marching time and did our analysis using Design OF Experiments (DOE). The results after the analysis were like the more nozzle diameter we will use the less machining time will be required with increased layer height and travel speed though with more nozzle diameter the quality of the product would vary a bit but it can be accepted if not much précised or complex design is required. Similarly, the less diameter would require more machining time with less layer height and less travel speed, though the quality of the product will be excellent normally also and for more complex and intricate designs as well.

3D Model Based Process in Automotive Industry

The three dimensional design of modern auto vehicle through advanced virtual engineering methods is used from early development processes. From over 10 years automotive manufacturers’ have used 3D-CAD software packages following conventional development strategies of the product. These tools offer the possibility to design components through digital mock-up processes reducing time and errors in production. In this paper we evaluate the evolution of 3D-CAD based development processes based on geometry generation, conceptual design and simulations tools. The DMU method allows importing the 2D sketch in 3D software then creates a virtual model which can be optimized and analyzed.

Creating 3D Models from Sketch Plans for Spatial Landscape Evaluation

2D sketch plans are hard to interpret for non-professionals and do not contain enough information for plan evaluation. Simple extrusion of 2D sketch plans into 3D will not suffice. This problem is faced by stakeholders in the early stages of the plan design process. Landscape types play an important role in bridging the gap between abstract 2D plans and 3D physical models. A landscape type consists of pictures from an existing landscape, a 3D model and additional attributes providing quantitative data. Through a matching algorithm, 2D landscape components in the sketch plan are replaced by 3D objects. Multiple 3D plans can be created from a specific area with different landscape types. These 3D plans are visualized with a high level of realism and they can be evaluated using the additional data. In this paper examples are shown for an apartment district and a villa district under different energy scenarios. The visual consequences of strategic energy decisions become apparent in the 3D model.

Laplacian-based Design: Sketching 3D Shapes

The sketch-based shape modeling is one of the most challenging and active problems in computer graphics. In this paper, we present an interactive modeling system for generating free-form surfaces using a 2D sketch interface. Since inferring 3D shape from 2D sketches is an one to many function with no unique solution, we propose to interpret the given 2D curve to be the projection of the 3D curve that has minimum curvature among all the candidates in 3D. In this way, firstly, we present an algorithm to efficiently find a close approximation of this minimum curvature 3D space curve. In the second step, our system could identify the 3D surfaces automatically, and then we apply Delaunay triangulation on these surfaces. Finally, the shape of the triangular surface mesh that follows the 3D profile curves is computed using harmonic interpolation by solving Laplacian equations. We present experimental results on various kinds of drawings by the interactive modeler