To distinguish the Oral hygiene practices performed by the patients of rural Jaipur before and during the two monthslockdown period and how it changed their oral health. A cross-sectional survey.

Aim: To see the difference in oral practices before and during lockdown period in rural patients in jaipur. Material Method: Questionaire was based on the postoperative instructions given after surgerical periodontal therapy, it included 16 questions which were asked to the 40 patients who were in maintainance phase after periodontal surgery (that was performed in the Department of periodontology, in MGDC, Jaipur, Rajasthan), through a telephonic conversation. Results: the 40 patients before and during lockdown, highly significant changes in frequency of brushing were observed during the lockdown some of the patients brushed only once a day. Many of them discontinued using or they diluted mouthwashes before use and 10 % patients complained about bad breath during the time of lockdown. Conclusion: patients were not able give time to their oral health during lockdown when compared to before lockdown period.

Evaluation of Good Oral Practices among Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the good oral practices (GOP) among university students. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a convenience sampling method. A self-developed and pre-validated tool was used to collect data from students studying at a university in Malaysia. The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Version 24.0 was used to analyze the data. Results: A total of 324 respondents had participated in the study. The respondents were from four different faculties; pharmacy 118 (36.4%), medicine 81 (25.0%), business 67 (20.6%), and biotechnology 58 (18.0%). Conclusion: The final year students had more good practices towards good oral practices. The unmarried students also had more good practices towards oral health.

Acting out on Twitter: Affordances for animating reported speech in written computer-mediated communication

Quotative be like is a construction associated with informal spoken contexts and, especially, with various forms of embodied enactments. This study examines instances of quotative be like in a corpus of Twitter data (1,000,000 tweets; 1,113 quotative instances). Special attention is paid to how users of Twitter employ the platform’s affordances to animate their speech reports – i.e. to represent voices, enact body language, or otherwise ‘dramatize’ the speech reports. The aim is to investigate how a linguistic format which is richly embodied in face-to-face interaction gets ‘re-embodied’ on Twitter. The study finds that animation of reported speech on Twitter is visually, and predominantly typographically, afforded. In the material, oral practices are more frequently reconfigured and remediated rather than directly reproduced. That is to say, even when users are not reproducing spoken utterances, they often employ graphical strategies that are mainly understandable by analogy to spoken and embodied face-to-face interaction. However, users also draw on emergent online repertoires with no face-to-face analogues, such as ‘pure’ typographical play and the recruitment of established online memes. Thus, the findings suggest that orality lingers as a trace, but is not a necessary component, in bringing reported speech to life in a text-based computer-mediated setting.

VOICE, ORALITY, AND THE PERFORMANCE OF POLITICAL COUNSEL IN EARLY MODERN SPAIN

Orality had an important role in many aspects of early modern experience, and political institutions and counsel are no exceptions. Conversational manners, voice, style of speech, wit, and erudition were all key elements in counselling and for the self-representation of counsellors. Moreover, oral communication was crucial at court and contemporaries aimed to influence and control the distribution of such information to different ends. Scholars have extensively used documentation produced by councils as the basis for minute recreations of political events and administrative changes, but the oral practices of counsel have been largely ignored. This article examines the orality of Habsburg councils and focuses on actual modes of performing counsel. In particular, it reconstructs the complex process of production of written documentation as part of a broader communicative flow and aims to show that notions of style and voice affected the ways in which councils were perceived as instruments for government. Finally, it analyses how conversations were regulated, obstructed, or manipulated and the value attributed to voting procedures, consensus, and dissent within an aristocratic and hierarchical notion of council.

Improving Students’ Speaking Skill Through Video Dubbing

<p><em>The purposes of this research are to identify: (1) whether and to what extent the use of VD improve students’ speaking skill, and (2) the strengths and the weaknesses of VD when implemented in this research. This research use classroom action research method. The subject of this research is class X-5 of SMA N Kebakkramat Karanganyar in 2013/2014 academic year. The techniques of collecting data are observation, diary, interview, questionnaire, document analysis, and test. The techniques of collecting data are Constant Comparative Method (CCM) and statistic descriptive. Based on the research findings, students’ achievement on grammar, vocabulary, fluency, pronunciation, and content improved. Students’ attitude change from ignoring becomes paying attention. Furthermore, weaknesses were indicated that although students have many oral practices, they still produce unacceptable pronunciation. The second weakness is that some students are still awkward in using VD so that they need some help and guidance. For further research, other researcher could focus on the other skills like listening, reading, and writing or on the attitude improvement such as motivation, participation, and so on. </em></p>

Pregnant women's oral health: knowledge, practices and their relationship with periodontal disease

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate pregnant women's knowledge and perception of oral practices as well as their relationship with periodontal disease. Methods The project was developed in 27 units of the Family Health Strategy in the city of Picos, State of Piauí, Brazil, whose service prioritized providing the first dental appointment for pregnant women. A questionnaire was applied to 302 pregnant women, and a calibrated examiner (Kappa=0.96) performed the intraoral exam (CPI). Results the disease was present in 90.7% of them, although 96.4% had been to the dentist once, the majority have not seen a dentist during pregnancy, either because they feared the treatment would harm the baby, or lack of perceiving the need for doing so. Among those that had seen a dentist, did so because of pain or due to routine dental appointments. (19.9%). The belief that pregnancy could cause oral problems was mentioned by 39.7%, however, the majority (98.3%) stated they had received no guidance in this period, a fact which was shown to be associated with periodontal disease (p=0.0003). Conclusion It was concluded that there had been disease prevalence in the group, becoming persistent throughout pregnancy and also that the women presented many oral health care doubts during their gestational period.