Impact of Parents’ Attitudes on Learning Ineffectiveness: The Mediating Role of Parental Self-Efficacy

Parents play a key role in children’s home-based online learning. This study constructed a mediating model to explore the mechanism of parents’ attitudes toward online learning (PATOL) and the perceived online learning ineffectiveness (POLI) of their children and to investigate the mediating effect of parents’ self-efficacy (PSE) on PATOL and POLI. Valid questionnaire data from 18,170 middle school parents were collected by snowball sampling. The hypotheses proposed in this study were verified by using Model 4 of PROCESS. The results showed that: when controlling parents’ gender, age, and children’s length of online learning in regression equations, (1) both PATOL and PSE were negatively related to POLI, while PATOL was positively related to PSE; (2) PSE played a mediating role in the relationship between PATOL and POLI. This study also discusses how to support parents to assist children’s home-based online learning. Schools should carry out some necessary training for parents. Parents can get guidance and advice on how to create an environment conducive to children’s online learning.

The Australian Context: National, State and School-Level Efforts to Improve Schools in Australia

Australia, like many countries, has a history of colonisation and extensive controlled and humanitarian immigration, with this shifting from an Anglo-Celtic emphasis to include, in succession, an emphasis on migrants from Europe, Asia and Africa. This chapter provides several perspectives on evidence-based school development in this changing context. The first focus is on national school-wide improvement initiatives: IDEAS (Innovative Designs for Enhancing Achievements in Schools), which utilises professional learning communities to improve student outcomes; and PALL (Principals as Literacy Leaders) which provides principals with literacy and leadership knowledge to support teachers to improve student reading performance. The second perspective explores the state level through considering work at the Melbourne Graduate School of Education in terms of evidence-based teacher training through the development of a clinical teaching model, and evidence-based school improvement through the Science of Learning Schools Partnership. The final perspective is at the school level, where the development of two schools in challenging contexts are described: the first a school formed from the closure of three failing schools; the second a school that was at the point of closure when the current principal was appointed to turn-it-around.

Organizational learning mechanisms for learning schools

Purpose Organizational learning (OL) has been conceptualized as a critical component in school change processes. Nevertheless, OL in the school context is still somewhat obscure and difficult to comprehend, thus it is rarely translated into operational structures and processes and later permanently sustained. The purpose of this study is to present the organizational learning mechanisms (OLMs) framework as an institutionalized arrangement for collecting, disseminating, analyzing, storing, retrieving and using information that is relevant to the performance of school systems. Design/methodology/approach First, the authors examine the previous research on OLMs as a conceptual framework for OL in schools; then the authors present the various validated measures of OLMs in schools; and finally, the authors suggest implications for principals, as well as future explorations of the issue. Findings While the literature on OL in schools acknowledges the mystification of the term and the difficulty in translating it into operative procedures in dynamic and complex contexts, OLMs, as an integration of structural and cultural frameworks, are conceptualized as scaffolding for the development of learning schools. Originality/value The OLMs’ (structural and cultural) framework of information processing may help schools develop and sustain learning communities aimed at fostering the continuous growth of students and faculty members alike.

Excellence in medical training: developing talent—not sorting it

Many medical schools have reconsidered or eliminated clerkship grades and honor society memberships. National testing organizations announced plans to eliminate numerical scoring for the United States Medical Licensing Examination Step 1 in favor of pass/fail results. These changes have led some faculty to wonder: “How will we recognize and reward excellence?” Excellence in undergraduate medical education has long been defined by high grades, top test scores, honor society memberships, and publication records. However, this model of learner excellence is misaligned with how students learn or what society values. This accolade-driven view of excellence is perpetuated by assessments that are based on gestalt impressions influenced by similarity between evaluators and students, and assessments that are often restricted to a limited number of traditional skill domains. To achieve a new model of learner excellence that values the trainee’s achievement, growth, and responsiveness to feedback across multiple domains, we must envision a new model of teacher excellence. Such teachers would have a growth mindset toward assessing competencies and learning new competencies. Actualizing true learner excellence will require teachers to change from evaluators who conduct assessments of learning to coaches who do assessment for learning. Schools will also need to establish policies and structures that foster a culture that supports this change. In this new paradigm, a teacher’s core duty is to develop talent rather than sort it.

Were we ready? New Zealand high school students' experiences of online learning during school closures of Covid-19, 2020

The Covid-19 pandemic of 2020 resulted in New Zealand schools closing and teaching moving to online. This paper reports research which investigated senior high school students experience of learning from home during these school closures and anything about the experience that they would like continued in the future. High school students in their final two years of schooling (n=1975) responded to a questionnaire consisting of quantitative and qualitative questions with qualitative data analysed thematically and quantitative data with descriptive statistics. Findings revealed that a variety of learning activities, feedback on learning, positive social interactions and effective use of technology supported students. A lack of motivation and daily structure were the major hinderances. The key experience they would like continued was greater flexibility in their learning. Schools demonstrated varying degrees of readiness for the crisis, but findings showed the need for resilience plans which include policies and practices for student and teacher digital readiness in preparation for future crises which result in emergency online learning.

MODEL PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT BERBASIS INTERNET UNTUK MENINGKATKAN TEAM LEARNING SEKOLAH

INTERNET BASED PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT MODEL TO IMPROVE SCHOOL LEARNING TEAMThe tendency of the fact where the teachers do not need to learn or do not want to improve professional competence is a reflection of the opposite of team learning. Schools need to improve their performance to achieve maximum results. This study aimed to analyze an Internet-Based Professional Development model that can improve the ability of kindergarten teachers to carry out professional development independently and build team learning as well. Internet-Based Professional Development is an alternative effort in overcoming the improvement of kindergarten teachers' ability to organize Professional Development as well as team-learning. Limited trial research was conducted at Smartskul Preschool Kindergarten with 5 teachers. Extensive trials were carried out at TKI Al-Hamidiyah Depok with 25 teachers, and at TKIT Aliya Bogor with 13 teachers. The method of research used was research and model development (Research Professional Development / R D). Each trial carried out three times actions in limited trials and two actions in extensive trials at each school. In this study, the data analysis used was qualitative, quantitative, and formative. To measure the validity, this research used non-test and expert judgment. The Internet-Based Professional Development model consisted of input, process, and output. The input consisted of the Internet-Based Professional Development module, and kindergarten teachers and principals. The process consisted of planning, implementing monitoring, as well as evaluation reflection. The output of the Internet-Based Professional Development model was able to improve the ability of kindergarten teachers in organizing Internet-Based Professional Development as well as being able to build team learning.

Metacognition as a Mental Health Support Strategy for Students With Anxiety

Mental health issues can have a profound impact on school performance, with anxiety creating significant challenges in the classroom setting. As teachers work to address barriers to learning, schools must develop a system to fully address the growing needs of students with anxiety. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between metacognition and its use as a mental health support strategy for students suffering from anxiety. Results of the study showed a statistically significant relationship between the use of metacognition, self-regulation as a component of metacognition, and teacher confidence level in supporting students with anxiety. This study works to further advance the growing body of knowledge regarding the teacher’s role in the support of mental health needs of students.