A General Framework for Evaluation

Evaluation science emerged in the 1960s as a conceptual framework and methodology for using scientific methods to assess the structure, operation, costs, and outcomes of public health and other social programs. Evaluation is both a scientific specialty, which follows the rules of science, and a profession that operates within a framework of quality and ethical standards. The great challenge for evaluation is not only to motivate organizations to more effectively and consistently conduct scientific evaluation studies but also to use what has been learned through such studies to redesign programs based upon evaluation findings. The ultimate purpose of scientific evaluation is to improve human health and well-being through the application of evaluation findings to the design and implementation of public health and all other human service programs.

Pilot Testing for Feasibility in a Study of Student Retention and Attrition in Online Undergraduate Programs

<p class="4">Prior to undertaking a descriptive study on attrition and retention of students in two online undergraduate health administration and human service programs, a pilot test was conducted to assess the procedures for participant recruitment, usability of the survey questionnaire, and data collection processes. A retention model provided the conceptual framework for this investigation to identify and organize various factors that influenced students’ decisions to either discontinue or continue their educational programs. In an attempt to contribute to the body of research in this area and to enrich pedagogical practices, the authors describe the pilot testing processes and feasibility issues explored, and the improvements made to the instrument and methodology before commencing the main research study on attrition and retention.</p>