Media Bias Effects on Voters in Pakistan

The news media play a significant role in shaping political opinions and party choices of voters as most of the people learn about politics through media. The study investigated the influence of television news channels' biases over the voting behavior of the electorates. The survey method was used as a tool for data collection to determine the relationship between media bias and its influence on voting behavior. Partisan views are exposed when news channels give one side of the political spectrum a distinct advantage through subjective reporting. News channels include cable television news stations operating in Pakistan. The study findings suggest that voters do rely on television news channels for information during election campaigns. The study found that television news bias has a strong influence on people's voting behaviors and election outcomes.

Reassessing Relationships between Communication Forms and Political Knowledge in Political Campaigns from a Geospatial Perspective: The Case of Local TV News

<p><a>This study investigates the informing effects of communication in political campaigns from a geospatial perspective. The results from analyzing survey data collected during the 2000 and 2004 presidential elections in the U.S. generally suggest that the main forms of traditional </a>communication, i.e., print newspapers and network and cable television news—but with the exception of local TV news—play a significant role in informing citizens about political campaigns. Political discussion also plays a role in this regard. The implications of the respective roles of a number of news forms in a democracy are discussed.</p>

Reassessing Relationships between Communication Forms and Political Knowledge in Political Campaigns from a Geospatial Perspective: The Case of Local TV News

<p><a>This study investigates the informing effects of communication in political campaigns from a geospatial perspective. The results from analyzing survey data collected during the 2000 and 2004 presidential elections in the U.S. generally suggest that the main forms of traditional </a>communication, i.e., print newspapers and network and cable television news—but with the exception of local TV news—play a significant role in informing citizens about political campaigns. Political discussion also plays a role in this regard. The implications of the respective roles of a number of news forms in a democracy are discussed.</p>

Metaphorical Violence in Political Discourse

Metaphor is more than a literary device. It is a fundamental cognitive ability that drives the capacity to reason about state and actions in the world. Metaphor—which involves under- standing of abstract concepts in terms of more basic ones—permeates political discourse. Its ubiquity is evident in the frequent use of statements such as “It’s time to drain the swamp”, “Obama sprinted toward victory on Election Day”, and “Trump attacks Jeff Sessions over Russian probe methods”. No one is releasing water, running, or causing physical harm. How is metaphor- ical violence expressed, for instance, expressions with words such as “attack”, “slaughter”, and “hit”, and how does it influence political thought and communication? Here, we describe novel time-resolved observations and explanatory dynamical models of the use of metaphorical violence language in political discourse on U.S. cable television news in the period leading up to the two most recent presidential elections. Our results quantify the details and dynamics of the use of these metaphors, revealing how cable news shows act as reporters, promoters, expectation-setters, and ideological agents in different degrees in response to differing cultural situations. Our work has implications for shaping political discourse and influencing political attitudes.

The ‘New’ News as No ‘News’: Us Cable News Channels as Branded Political Entertainment Television

Contesting the journalism frame as the basis for assessing US cable television news channels, this article argues instead for a focus on the branding and product differentiation practices that shape news content in the highly competitive cable marketplace. Politics, in particular, has become the central identifying brand marker, as cable news channels transform the raw material of public life into a variety of entertainment performances. The construction of politics is thoroughly informed by commercial strategy and brand appeal, as politics is brought to life through performances that constitute political reality for viewing audiences.