An Overview of Quality of Life across Asia: A Sociological Appraisal

In terms of sociology, quality of life was propounded in Asia since new industrialization entered the countries. Since then, there has been a competition among the countries of the region to reach higher and improved quality of life. To reach that goal, various plans have been put into practice. For a better quality of life, educational development was prioritized as a key factor to penetrate other dimensions of development such as health, industries, communications, and many more. In this way, all the dimensions started improving, and the process of which resulted in the decline of mortality rate, and the gradual increase in life expectancy. Through change in quality of life, all variables of life such as fertility, marriage age, hygiene and health, nutrition, family income, public culture, communications, etc. were positively affected. But, all the Asian countries have not changed in the same manner. For example, quality of life in East Asia was more affected than other parts of the continent. However, the competition is still continuing. Policy-makers and planners have come to know the reality of ever improving quality of life. Different scales/ degrees of quality of life may be shown in terms of life expectancy in Afghanistan and Japan which is 42 years for the first, and 85 years for Japan.

Application of the New Resource Approach to the Study of the Parameters of the Industrialization Economy

The processes of industrialization, reindustrialization and new industrialization differ not only in the content and mechanisms of implementation, but also in the set of resources required for their application. New industrialization as a process of quantitative and qualitative changes in the economy is based on a complex of resources. These resources are necessary, on the one hand, for the modernization of traditional industries, and on the other hand, for the formation of promising economic activities and industries. Keeping a balance between the resources used to achieve the goals of modernization and innovative development in order to achieve the goals of modernization and innovative development is one of the tasks of a methodological nature and requires the development of appropriate theoretical approaches and models. At the same time, the second most important task is the application of such theories and concepts that will provide a solution to the problems associated with the identification, assessment and description of the parametric characteristics and functions of resources in the system of industrial development of the domestic economy. To solve these problems, the article highlights the features of new industrialization; its differences from such phenomena as industrialization, deindustrialization and reindustrialization. It is substantiated that the use of the resource concept as a methodological basis for new industrialization will make it possible to determine the following: to draw up a typology of the resources of new industrialization; identify criteria for strategic and complementary resources of new industrialization; to identify the subjects of relations in the resource allocation system, as well as their specific functions. The article concludes that modernization processes are provided mainly by massive resources and complementary capabilities and competencies, while the processes of innovative and technological development within the framework of the new industrialization of the economy presuppose the presence of strategic, unique resources and competencies.

Personnel security of the “new industrialization”: the demanded qualities of the production manager in the next thirty years and an effective mechanism for ensuring them

The article presents the results of the author’s research on the relevant topic of “new industrialization” for the country, which is the most important direction in the formation of the advanced economic development of Russia. Based on the author’s forecasting method “Phase calculation of solving strategic tasks of human resources management in Russia”, the demanded qualities of the production manager in the next thirty years are identified and determined. The industrial and educational cluster is defined as a mechanism for staffing the “new industrialization”, the author’s description of the industrial and educational cluster is given on the example of the Tver region. The main distinguishing feature of an effective industrial and educational cluster is the presence in its structure of the institute of cooperation as a connecting non-profit link of all the actors of the cluster and in the person of scientific and expert non-profit organizations serving both to counter threats of the predominance of formalism and opportunistic narrow corporate interests, and to eliminate conflicts of interest in the interaction of state and commercial structures.

Global Value Chains, ‘In-Out-In’ Industrialization, and the Global Patterns of Sectoral Value Addition

Since the emergence and diffusion of regional and global value chains, production-chain development has always played a key role in shaping countries’ structural transformation. Over the years, the geographical breadth, length, and depth of these chains have changed significantly. Building on the catching-up experience of South Korea and China, this chapter investigates the conditions and processes under which today’s catching-up economies can benefit from integrating into global value chains (GVCs). The chapter empirically documents how successful catching-up has been associated with an ‘in-out-in’ industrialization process of GVC integration, where countries first ‘couple’ by entering GVCs in low value-added segments, then ‘decouple’ by building domestic supply chains and upgrading existing local capabilities, and finally ‘recouple’ by performing high value-addition activities in GVCs. The chapter also assesses the extent to which middle-income countries like South Africa have managed to increase their sectoral value addition in this global production settlement over the last two decades. The chapter finds that today’s middle-income countries have experienced different fortunes at the country and sectoral level when it comes to increasing domestic value addition. The chapter concludes by reflecting on possible future scenarios arising in the post-Covid-19 international context and the emergence of potential new industrialization models.

New Industrialization and Trends in Modernization of Belarusian Industry

A meaningful characteristic of modern industrial production is given and prospects for the modernization of the Belarusian industry through new industrialization are identified in the paper. In this regard, the objectives of the study have been determined: to consider modern concepts of the transformation of economic systems under the influence of technological progress, to substantively characterize the new industrialization, including to describe the technological and organizational features of the new intentional production, to identify its distinctive features, to determine the prospects for using the concept of new industrialization for modernization of the Belarusian industry. The methodological basis was the general scientific methods and principles of сognition, namely: the method of deduction and induction, the method of comparative analysis, historical approach. The author considers the new industrialization as an economic structure that has developed as a result of the spread of digital technologies in a modern socially-oriented, predominantly market economy. The technological basis of the new industrial production is cyber-physical production systems that operate through the industrial Internet of things, the Internet of services and network mechanisms of interaction between all participants in the value added chain. The development of digital production and digital services entails the digitalization of business models. The result is flexible, adaptive, individualized industrial production through the triad of digital production, digital services and digital business models. When modernizing the Belarusian industrial complex, aimed at developing high-tech and knowledge-intensive industrial production and increasing the efficiency of traditional industries through the use of a wide variety of new technologies, the priority should be the comprehensive digitalization of production, services and business models.

Social dialectics of prehistory

The author of the monograph, written on the original material, restores the classical scientific social philosophy, which allows the means of dialectical methodology and materialism in sociology to predict the end of the prehistory of antagonistic epochs and the beginning of the true history of a single humanity. The new industrialization at the moment of transition from prehistory to history creates civilizational neo-industrialism as a dialectical synthesis of traditional civilization and progressive formation in the form of new socialism. The global project of neo-industrialism civilizes humanity — saves it from barbarism, wars, social inequality, and the destruction of nature. In historical Russia, civilizing development is realized at the expense of new industrialization and the solution of general democratic tasks with the transition to post-capitalist tasks. Conceptually, civilizational neo-industrialism acts as the fifth world theory, which makes it possible to understand the future of the dialectic of new social forces in the transition from prehistory to history. It is of interest to postgraduates, researchers and a wide range of readers in order to determine the worldview position, clarify the philosophical base of science and search for scientists, understand the dialectics of social existence and social consciousness.

FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR EXPANSION OF BELARUSIAN-ROMANIAN TECHNOLOGICAL COOPERATION

The article reveals the factors that determine the need to expand the Belarusian-Romanian technological cooperation in the context of the new industrialization of the two countries, namely: the change in the dynamics of foreign trade under the influence of the growing domestic demand of developing countries; reducing the share of intermediate goods and services in international trade; the growing impact of new and emerging technologies on world trade; the need for a new industrialization within the social paradigm Industry 4.0; an unprecedented degree of concentration in several countries of the most important raw materials required for the modern stage of industrialization; an unprecedented rise in global social inequality.

THE NEW INDUSTRIALIZATION, INDUSTRIAL POLICY IN RUSSIA AND MATERIALIZATION OF INDUSTRY 4.0

The article deals with the content and aims of «Industry 4.0» concept. It is noteworthy that Germany differs from other countries due to a high share of industry in its GDP running up to 23 per cent, and after the crisis of 2008-2009 it has been implementing the policy of re-industrialization. «Industry 4.0» is based on new technologies enabling the authors of the concept top to predict the forthcoming Fourth industrial revolution. It is vital for Russia to get inscribed into the global line of technological development. The article substantiates the necessity of a new industrialization for the sake of a technological break-through. The major directions of the industrial policy aimed at the solution of existing problems are also founded in the present paper.

NEW INDUSTRIALIZATION AS A FACTOR OF SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE AZRF.

The problem of sustainable economic development of the Russian Arctic, as a unique spatial socio-economic system that has the most important geostrategic and geo-economic significance, is in the center of constant attention of the state. Vast spaces and the presence of the richest natural resources pose major challenges for Russia associated with the task of their rational development and use of the spatial and logistic potential of the Arctic macroregion. It is obvious that in the conditions of the rapid development of technologies that are transforming the world economy, the competitive development of the Arctic without a new industrialization of industry is not possible. A state policy capable of giving an adequate response to great challenges is only being formed, which actualizes the task of methodological support of the mechanisms for forming a strategy for the new industrialization of the Arctic economy. The article discusses the problems and mechanisms of sustainable economic development of the Russian Arctic, based on the concept of a new industrialization of the Arctic economy. For the formation of an economy of an innovative type, the implementation of entrepreneurial and scientific and technological potential, an effective innovation ecosystem is required. For this, it is proposed to create a world-class scientific and educational center in the Arctic macroregion. Providing a competitive model for the industrial development of the Arctic economy also involves the development of a system of indicators that adequately reflect the level of structural stability of the innovative development of the industrial complex. The quality metric of such stability, in our opinion, can be a modified Herfindahl-Hirschman index, adapted to the problem being solved.

Large Cities in the Process of New Industrialization

In our country, the ongoing processes of new industrialization are acquiring their own specifics, largely associated with the qualitative heterogeneity of its economic space. Large cities are one of the strongholds of the new industrialization. The following work into the concepts "new industrialization", "city". Briefly outlined existing approaches of assessing the processes of new industrialization. The work, based on the analysis of available statistical information, gives a characteristic of the processes of new industrialization in large cities of the country. It is shown that the importance of industry for the economy of these territories remains. To assess the processes of new industrialization from a qualitative point of view, the integration of available statistical information is proposed for calculating indicators in the context of large cities.