The main trends of digital transformation in the economy of the EAEU countries

В статье определена роль развития цифровизации для государств Евразийского экономического союза (ЕАЭС), подчеркнута ее перспективность в контексте интеграционных процессов. Дана характеристика имеющихся предпосылок для развития цифровой экономики на пространстве ЕАЭС. Выделены основные тренды проведения цифровизации, определены стратегически важные сферы для ее внедрения в регионе ЕАЭС, а также рассмотрены имеющиеся барьеры, препятствующие этому процессу. Отмечено, что принятие цифровой повестки откроет новые возможности для развития общих рынков государств ЕАЭС и позволит получать дополнительные конкурентные преимущества. The role of digitalization development in economy of the EAEU countries is noted in the paper. Its urgency and prospects are emphasized in the context of integration processes of the region. The characteristics of existing prerequisites for digital economy development in the EAEU space are performed. The main trends of digitalization are identified, strategically important areas for its implementation in the EAEU region are described, and the existing barriers are considered. It is concluded that the adoption of digital agenda will open up new opportunities for common markets development of the EAEU members and it will allow obtaining additional competitive advantages.

PKM Peningkatan Keahlian Ibu PKK di Desa Karanganyar dengan Memanfaatkan Sumber Daya Alam (SDA) melalui Olahan Abon Ikan Laut dan Nugget

Karanganyar is a village with huge result of seafoods, since the most of inhabitants are traditional fishermen. Their livelihoods are mackerel tuna (ikan tongkol) with 100 tons for each fish season. However, the price of fresh tuna is too cheap, because they sell uncooked tuna in common markets. The lack of knowledge on processing the uncooked tuna with simple technology is contributing on the ways they have no idea to increase their income from the the kinds of seafood. This article figures out an alternative way of diversification of tuna into floss and nugget which aims to increase their income, to provide a skill of enterpreneurship, and to reduce number of unemployment in Karanganyar. The subject of this program is a Women Team of Empowerment and Family Welfare (Ibu Pemberdayaan Kesejahteraan Keluarga) because they are potentially able to practice this diversification and responsible to help their husbands in increasing the family welfare.

Negotiating French Wine and European Identities at the European Community

This article examines the French role in creating an integrated wine policy at the European level and demonstrates that political negotiations over the policy revealed competing European conceptions of agriculture and identity. Drawing on research in EEC and French historical archives, this article argues that in spite of the risks involved in relinquishing sovereignty over a key national industry with deep cultural resonance, the French government was determined to transfer responsibility for much of the sector to the European Community due to continued domestic pressure. Further, it suggests that common values around the centrality of agriculture in the European project meant that countries were persistent in realising a wine policy even though wine was not a natural fit in the pantheon of other goods for which common markets were created.

ADVANTAGES AND CHALLENGES OF GOODS AND SERVICES MARKETS INTEGRATING OF THE EAEU СOUNTRIES

The research of integration development processes within the framework of the EAEU in the current conditions of general slowdown in global economic growth, decrease in production rates, unfavorable conditions in certain market segments, and energy price volatility seems to be an urgent task. The basis for the integration of the EAEU member countries is the formation of common markets for goods and services, the development degree of which in many respects depends on the strategic direction of further deepening and expanding of their mutual cooperation, national competitiveness increasing, as well as the success of integration into the global trade and economic architecture. The purpose of the study is to analyze the current stage of mutual trade of the Eurasian Union member countries and to determine the main advantages of development of goods and services common markets. The study is based on the hypothesis that the integration processes in the Eurasian space development promote stabilization of the transformation processes, preserve old and develop new trade and economic relations between the member countries of the Eurasian Union. General scientific methods of analysis, logical generalization and comparison were used to characterize the dynamics of mutual trade of the EAEU countries, to identify existing problems in its development, to determine the integration benefits of the EAEU countries from the common markets’ development, taking into account the national interests of each country. In the course of the study, the authors have presented the arguments that all the EAEU member countries received certain advantages from the integration processes development: there is an increase in mutual trade in goods and services within the Eurasian Union, the tightness of economic ties that will contribute to the development of both inter-industry and intra-industry mutual cooperation in many economic areas within the framework of emerging common markets. At the same time, a number of contradictions and problems have been identified that require solution and coordination of actions between the countries of the Eurasian Union in order to achieve future economic growth and competitiveness increase.

Single market: EU and EAEU experience

The article is devoted to comparing the creation of single markets in such integration associations as the EU and the EAEU. The EAEU shows a fairly high level of integration, despite the fact that it is one of the youngest integration associations. The experience of creating common EU markets formed the basis for creating common markets in the EAEU. Universal globalization has led to signifi cant changes in the global arena. Integration associations are making more and more eff orts to improve not only the economy, politics, but also the social sphere. The key problem was the formation of a single labor market and, as in the chain that followed, a single market for medicines. In the article, the author conducts a comparative analysis of the experience of the European Union and the Eurasian Economic Union regarding the formation of a single market for medicines. The article discusses the process of formation of single markets, and also indicates the disadvantages that are currently.

Formation of Common Electricity and Gas Markets in the EAEU: Market Models, Barriers and Solutions

The formation of common industrial markets of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) in the energy sector is not just a task to fulfill the terms of the Treaty on the EAEU, but a necessary condition for expanding integration interaction between partner countries, a necessary resource platform for developing competitive potential in the industrial sector of the EAEU member countries and a factor for ensuring energy security The formation of common industrial markets of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) in the energy sector is not just a task to fulfill the terms of the Treaty on the EAEU, but a necessary condition for expanding integration interaction between partner countries. It’s a necessary resource platform for developing competitive potential in the industrial sector of the EAEU member countries and a factor for ensuring energy security The authors examine in the article the world experience in applying various models for integrating energy markets, in particular electricity and gas, taking into account the specifics of the functioning of the sectoral national systems of the EAEU countries, their resource potential, the level of development of competition and monopolization, and the possibilities of transit of electricity and gas. The potential of creating and developing a common electricity market on the basis of the signed agreements in the EAEU was studied in the context of differences in the institutional and legal bases, the degree of development of competition in the national industrial electricity markets, and their liberalization levels. The revealed differences in the models of the national electricity markets of the EAEU countries cause a long transition period for the formation of a common market with a gradual decrease in the number of seizures in generation / production, transmission and ensuring the security of energy supply to countries. It is noted, that the coordinated model of the transition period does not contribute to the rapid obtaining of significant synergistic effects and the solution of energy redundancy problems. The need to develop a coordinated industrial policy of the EAEU countries to expand the use of resource potential and export of energy resources to third countries is noted. It requires an integrated approach to creating common markets, primarily electricity and gas. (можно дать одним предложением The need to develop a coordinated industrial policy of the EAEU countries to expand the use of resource potential and export of energy resources to third countries is noted, which requires an integrated approach to creating common markets, primarily electricity and gas., а можно оставить и так)The current level of the institutional and legal basis for the formation of the gas market does not allow to overcome the differences in the degree of liberalization of national gas markets, their monopolization and, accordingly, pricing, and determines the acceleration of integration rapprochement. The formation of common markets actualizes the format of exchange trading, the institutionalization of which on the electricity market is already provided for in the EAEU interstate agreements, and on the common gas market requires coordination and implementation of electronic trading mechanisms, drawing on Russian experience.