The Role of Human Resource Management in Employee Motivation and Performance-An Overview

This paper discusses the link between motivation and performance, and established what makes motivation to have a central role in getting high performances from employees in organizations. It was revealed from the review that there are several motivational theories used by employers at different situations when they want their employees to highly perform. As motivation is to influence employees to perform, hence; performance is the evaluation with respect to acknowledged tasks, objectives, goal line and rational anticipations linked with a role, occupation in an organization. This paper has looked at some of these theories that have been proven and accepted by the general public. They comprise Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, McGregor’s theories x and y, McClelland’s theory of learned needs, Alderfer’s ERG theory, Herzberg’s two-factor theory, Vroom’s expectancy theory and different types of motivation, such as intrinsic and extrinsic. It is evident from the literature reviewed that all theories were established on some experimentations or observations, as a result they are just written ends about a tested situation. Though circumstances can be comparable, they will perhaps by no means be the same. Also, studies have showed that highly motivated employees that are productive and innovative can lead the organization to success through the achievement of its desired results.

Negotiating family history: Media use among descendants of Danish Nazis

Danish descendants of former national socialists live in a society that characterizes their parents as traitors. They are therefore likely to experience a stark divergence between how the past is described in media texts and in their families. Taking media use as the starting point, this contribution explores the role Occupation-related media texts play for Nazi descendants and how they relate them to memories generated in their families. The contribution is empirically based on five semi-structured, qualitative interviews with children of former Danish Nazis. To understand the respondents’ media use, a remembered media repertoires approach is developed and employed in conjunction with a semi-narrative interview strategy. The findings suggest that respondents from families that have cultivated a memory about the Nazi past use media texts to supplement their family memory and criticize the mainstream cultural memory, whereas respondents from families where this past was a taboo avoid Occupation-related media texts but accept the cultural memory’s portrayal of national socialists.

The Big-Two Model of Personality and Work-Family Conflict

Personality traits can be categorized using a hierarchical structure in accordance with their correlations. Such hierarchy is derived by collecting more specific personality traits with similar underlying sources under a more general trait. Personality traits affect how people behave and perceive situations in multiple life domains. Prior research demonstrated the predictive value of the personality variables in multiple role occupation; however, most researchers have used the Big-Five personality traits. Therefore, the present study aims to discuss work-family conflict from the perspective of the Big-Two model of personality. The study sample included 250 participants. The study data was collected using questionnaires and analyzed by testing a structural equation model. The results showed that individuals who score high in stability experience greater work-family conflict, whereas individuals scoring high in plasticity experience less work-family conflict.

Grotius and Empire

This article reviews Andrew Fitzmaurice’s recent book Sovereignty, Property and Empire 1500–1800 with a critical examination of the author’s analysis of Hugo Grotius. Unlike other works of intellectual history that focus on the relationship between empire and political theory, this book offers a refreshing account of how Western political thought also provided a critique of empire. Using the law of occupation to explain the origin of property and political society, Fitzmaurice demonstrates how ‘occupation’ was used to both justify and criticise extra-European imperial expansion. His analysis of Grotius is centred on ‘occupation’, explaining that even though Grotius’s political thought supports an imperialistic thesis, there is also evidence of anti-imperialist sentiments running through his works. I argue, however, that whilst Fitzmaurice provide a sound and interesting account of the role occupation plays in explaining Grotius’s two different accounts of property in De Indis and De jure belli ac pacis, he disregards the broader philosophical implications this has for Grotius’s theory of property.