Elbow rehabilitation using intelligent medical devices

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that the process of elbow joint rehabilitation can be monitored and improved using intelligent medical devices. During the study, an orthosis-type medical device was developed that monitors the mobility of the elbow joint in case of pathology. This device is useful in monitoring flexion movements (forward and backward), as well as internal and external rotation. For this purpose, a set of sensors were used that will capture the necessary and specific information, and the extracted data will be transmitted to a microcontroller for processing. The orthosis is one that can be customized according to the patient's pathology because it will analyse the data collected and interpret the values according to the calibration performed on the patient. The orthosis can be used both in the evaluation of joint dysfunctions at the elbow and in a rehabilitation program to avoid vicious positions. The positioning of the orthosis will be done together with the specialist doctor or in the presence of a physiotherapist, following the detailed clinical examination, so that the calibration of the sensors can be performed correctly. The device can emit warning sequences that will depend on the movements that the patient will perform, movements that can be sudden or accidental. Keywords: elbow joint, orthesis, physiokinetotherapist, rehabilitation, health improvement,

THE DESCRIPTION OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING AS LACTATION AMENORRHEA METHOD CONTRACEPTION)

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding has benefits as a natural contraceptive method, the Lactational Amenorrhea Method (LAM). The coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in East Java Province in 2018 only reached 74.3% and coverage of active family planning was still at 75.3% (Health Office of East Java, 2018). The results of a preliminary study of 10 Children’s Health Specialist Doctor Education Program of Airlangga University showed exclusive breastfeeding, but only 20% managed to menstruate for more than 6 months. This study aims to determine the description of exclusive breastfeeding as LAM at Dr Soetomo Hospital Surabaya. Method: This type of research uses a descriptive method to mix method research with survey analytic methods. The number of samples used was 16 people with simple random sampling technique. Results: PPDS who got LAM success during exclusive breastfeeding, by giving on demand and frequency more than 8 times was only 37.5%, while the remaining 62.5% PPDS failed to achieve LAM. The inhibiting factors are not being able to give immediately, time for pumping, and inadequate rest. The support received by PPDS is tolerance for pumping, high determination of exclusive breastfeeding, and family support. How to give breast milk is to breastfeed directly and by bottle. The reason for using the bottle is to work. The number of PPDS with amenorrhea duration 1-3 months was 7 people, and only 1 PPDS experienced amenorrhea for 12 months. Conclusion: Nearly half of PPDS have successfully used LAM as a contraceptive.

Design of a System using Mobile Application for the Control of Patients with Type 1 Diabetes

The hectic lifestyle of the human nowadays, makes them prone to have an unbalanced diet, which consists of mostly processed foods, for example: snacks, soft drinks, fried foods, among others. In the following paper, the importance of controlling the type 1 diabetes that occurs mostly in infants and adolescents will be focus, according to the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), less than 10% correspond to this type, which until this 21st century, there is no cure, but it is possible to have strict control so that these patients could have a better quality of life. It will focus on the control of a balanced diet and medications in which the patient is prescribed by their specialist doctor. This procedure will be done through the development of a mobile app, which is linked to a database in the hospital that the patient may be treating or doing its control, so the doctor can also have a better diagnosis and control if the patient is following with the requirements of its diet and doses of medications that doctor has been prescribing, all this data storage will be done through the mobile application developed on Android, where the patient will have a detailed schedule of their diet, glucose tests to be done and the prescription of the insulin dose

ANALYSIS OF THE NEED FOR HEALTH WORKERS USING WORKLOAD INDICATOR STAFFING NEED (WISN) METHOD IN INPATIENT SERVICES IN REGIONAL GENERAL HOSPITAL OF BUTON UTARA REGENCY IN 2021

Motivation/Background: The ratio of the number of doctors to the population in North Buton is 1:2135. Meanwhile, the ratio of the number of nurses to the population is 1:308. This number is not in accordance with the standards stipulated in the Decree of the Minister of Health No.81/Menkes/SK/I/2004. Method: This research used Workload Indicator Staffing Need (WISN) method in inpatient services at the Regional General Hospital of Buton Utara. Results: The workload of specialist doctors at the Regional General Hospital of Buton Utara in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Treatment room could be handled by two specialist doctors, while each of the Child Care room, Internal Medicine room, and Surgery room was handled by one specialist doctor. The number of nurses needed was 9 people, and the number of midwives needed was 11 people. Conclusions: The Regional General Hospital of Buton Utara is still lacking health workers, and this condition causes a high workload on medical services. This fact results in the quality of health services at the Regional General Hospital of Buton Utara not being optimal. This hospital requires one specialist doctor, 4 nurses, and 4 midwives for the Obstetrics and Gynecology Treatment room.

Simulation training in health education

Medical education as a constituent link between yesterday's student and future specialist doctor, at the preclinical stage, decides on the patient's safety in the provision of medical care. The conditions, quality and methods of providing medical care to the population, as well as the safety of patients, is an integral and main task of medical workers. Practical skills and manipulations should be acquired and practiced not on patients, but in Simulation Training Centers using high-tech simulators. An already prepared student comes to the patient with a baggage of knowledge, practiced practical skills, when a hand is placed, there are developed algorithms, certain knowledge and experience in performing practical skills. This allows without risk to the health and life of the patient to obtain professional skills on simulators and use their experience in further work [1].

Penerapan Metode Certainty Factor untuk Mendiagnosa Penyakit THT

Expert system is a system that seeks to adopt human knowledge into computers, so that computers can solve problems like experts do. ENT (ears, nose, and throat) are organs that are closely interconnected. Abnormalities in these organs are diagnosed and treated by a specialist doctor. One of the functions of these organs such as the ear. The ear is an organ for hearing and balance consisting of the outer ear, middle ear and inner ear. The function of the nose, the nose is the olfactory organ and the main way in and out of air, the nose also provides additional sound resonance and is a place for paranasal sinuses and tear ducts. While the function of the throat is a muscular duct where the food goes to the esophagus and where the air travels to the lungs. In this study, an expert system was built to detect and be equipped with a certainty value of the diagnosis. The certainty value is obtained using the Certainty Factor (CF) method.

Support Vector Machine based Stress Detection System to manage COVID-19 pandemic related stress from ECG signal

This study represents a detailed investigation of induced stress detection in humans using Support Vector Machine algorithms. Proper detection of stress can prevent many psychological and physiological problems like the occurrence of major depression disorder (MDD), stress-induced cardiac rhythm abnormalities, or arrhythmia. Stress induced due to COVID -19 pandemic can make the situation worse for the cardiac patients and cause different abnormalities in the normal people due to lockdown condition. Therefore, an ECG based technique is proposed in this paper where the ECG can be recorded for the available handheld/portable devices which are now common to many countries where people can take ECG by their own in their houses and get preliminary information about their cardiac health. From ECG, we can derive RR interval, QT interval, and EDR (ECG derived Respiration) for developing the model for stress detection also. To validate the proposed model, an open-access database named "drivedb” available at Physionet (physionet.org) was used as the training dataset. After verifying several SVM models by changing the ECG length, features, and SVM Kernel type, the results showed an acceptable level of accuracy for Fine Gaussian SVM (i.e. 98.3% for 1 min ECG and 93.6 % for 5 min long ECG) with Gaussian Kernel while using all available features (RR, QT, and EDR). This finding emphasizes the importance of including ventricular polarization and respiratory information in stress detection and the possibility of stress detection from short length data(i.e. form 1 min ECG data), which will be very useful to detect stress through portable ECG devices in locked down condition to analyze mental health condition without visiting the specialist doctor at hospital. This technique also alarms the cardiac patients form being stressed too much which might cause severe arrhythmogenesis.

Linear discriminant analysis and support vector machines for classifying breast cancer

<span id="docs-internal-guid-4db59d91-7fff-c659-478a-6dd7456f380f"><span>Breast cancer is an abnormal cell growth in the breast that keeps changed uncontrolled and it forms a tumor. The tumor can be benign or malignant. Benign could not be dangerous to health and cancerous, but malignant could be has a probability dangerous to health and be cancerous. A specialist doctor will diagnose the patient and give treatment based on the diagnosis which is benign or malignant. Machine learning offer times efficiency to determine a cancer cell. The machine will learn the pattern based on the information from the dataset. Support vector machines and linear discriminant analysis are common methods that can be used in the classification of cancer. In this study, both of linear discriminant analysis and support vector machines are compared by looking from accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and F1-score. We will know which methods are better in classifying breast cancer dataset. The result shows that the support vector machine has better performance than the linear discriminant analysis. It can be seen from the accuracy is 98.77%.</span></span>

Patient knowledge of fecal calprotectin in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): An observational study in Mexico

Background: Fecal calprotectin (FC) can be a valuable tool to optimize health care for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The objective of this observational study was to determine the level of knowledge of the FC test in Mexican patients with IBD. Methods: A self-report questionnaire was distributed via Facebook to patients with IBD. The survey consisted of 15 questions in two categories: the first category assessed knowledge of IBD diagnosis, and the second category assessed knowledge of the FC test. Results: In total, 460 patients with IBD participated, of which 83.9% (386) had ulcerative colitis (UC) and 16.0% (74) had Crohn’s disease (CD). Regarding IBD diagnosis, 41.9% of participants stated that they did not know of a non-invasive test for fecal matter to identify inflammation of the colon. Regarding the FC test, 57.5% (UC) and 58.1% (CD) stated that they did not know about the test. Additionally, 65.8% (UC) and 51.3% (CD) of participants stated that they had never received the FC test and 82.6% (UC) and 77.0% (CD) recognized that the FC test was difficult to access in their medical practice. Furthermore, 66% (UC) and 52.7% (CD) of participants noted that their specialist doctor had never suggested the FC test to them, yet 89.1% (UC) and 87.8% (CD) stated that they would prefer FC analysis for their IBD follow-up assessments. Conclusions: There is little knowledge of the FC biomarker among Mexican patients with IBD. This suggests the need for greater dissemination of its use and scope as a biomarker in IBD.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Endometriosis as Reasons for Women’s Admission to Outpatient Specialist Care in Poland—A Retrospective Analysis

This study aimed at presenting selected aspects of outpatient specialist care for women diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or endometriosis. The study was carried out using a retrospective analysis of the services provided under Outpatient Specialist Care (AOS) for women, based on data from the National Health Fund (NFZ). The study included data on women with PCOS or endometriosis based on the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10) in Poland from 2016 to 2018. The average age of women in the study group with PCOS was 25.31 (±7.02) years and, for those with endometriosis, 38.21 (±10.79). AOS patients with diagnosed PCOS most often made 2–3 visits (34.60%) to a specialist doctor, and those with diagnosed endometriosis most often made one visit (39.95%). Significant differences between patients with PCOS and endometriosis using AOS were found concerning the women’s age, the year, season, place of treatment, type of clinic, mode of admission, number of visits, and their place of residence or macroregion. With increasing age, women with PCOS made more visits to AOS, and women with endometriosis made fewer visits to the AOS specialist.