Iron Losses in Electromagnetic Devices: Nonlinear Adaptive MEC & Dynamic Hysteresis Model

In this paper, an original approach allowing the determination of the iron losses in the electromagnetic devices is presented. This new approach exploits the Loss Surface (LS) hysteresis model and the magnetic flux density waveforms resulting from a generalized nonlinear adaptive magnetic equivalent circuit (MEC) using a mesh-based formulation in two-dimensional (2-D) or quasi three-dimensional (3-D). The model coupling has been applied to a 18-slots/16-poles radial-flux interior permanent-magnet (PM) synchronous machine (PMSM) dedicated to automotive applications, mainly for electric/hybrid/fuel cell vehicles (EVs/HEVs/FCVs). The obtained results have been compared with those made retrospectively in the 2-D transient finite-element (FE) Flux. The influence of the MEC discretization on the iron loss calculation and the electromagnetic performances has been analyzed. The computation time is divided by 3/2 with an error less than 7 %.

Integration of Hybrid Energy System in Vehicle

The main purpose of this paper is to integrate and apply hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells as the major power system, which is combined with the auxiliary power system of a lead-acid battery in the hybrid fuel cell vehicles, and design and modify vehicle structure and a transmission system in order to improve stability and controllability. Furthermore, this study designs an appropriate power control system to increase vehicle travel time, reduce power consumption, and finally, integrate the hydrogen storage system into the power source of hybrid fuel cell vehicles for the development of energy-saving carbon-free transport vehicles. In general road surface driving tests, a low-pressure metallic hydrogen storage tank under the pressure of 0.5bar is used to provide 10g of hydrogen gas fuel to a 200W hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell stack as the major power source, and the auxiliary power source of two serially connected 12V 1.5Ah lead-acid batteries is used. The total weight of the hybrid hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell power system is 1.3 kg. In the general road surface test of a hybrid hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell vehicle, the average driving speed is 11km/hr, the motor consumption power is 45W, and the travel time is 90 minutes. The hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell vehicle is equipped with a three-stage gear box, and is able to automatically shift to the desired gear. The maximum driving speed can be up to 20km/hr, with motor power consumption of 90W.