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This chapter focuses on one popular webcam site, MyFreeCams, as a case study, and demonstrates the intricate ways that race-, class-, and gender-based inequities are perpetuated in the camming industry. White supremacy is embedded within the camming field. This chapter explores how sexual racism shapes the structure of desire in the camming field—the structure of cam sites, the cultural scripts deployed in the field, and interactions between performers and customers. The presence of sexual racism in the camming field means that bodies of color have lower exchange values and that women of color earn less than White women for performing the same labor. Sexual racism and colorism ensures different experiences and different financial outcomes for cam models based on race and nationality. The benefits of camming presented in this book are thus highly racialized and not even felt by some workers. These findings empirically demonstrate that Whiteness increases erotic/sexual capital, and thus wages for many White models. Race should never be separated from analyses of sexuality, and more empirical work is needed to investigate sexual racism, recognizing that race and sexuality are always intertwined in the social world.

Using three-dimensional printed models to test for aposematism in a carabid beetle

Many studies have demonstrated that bright colours sometimes evolve as warning coloration on the bodies of distasteful prey. However, few studies have demonstrated that the bright structural colours of beetles function as such aposematic signals for predators in the wild. To determine whether body colour might act as an aposematic signal in the carabid beetle Damaster blaptoides, we generated beetle models and conducted camera-trap and field experiments. Elaborate beetle models produced using a three-dimensional printer were used to determine which animals attack them in the wild. Red and black models were placed in forests to test which of the two types was attacked the least frequently. The camera-trap experiments indicated that mammals and birds were the potential predators of D. blaptoides. The field experiments revealed that predators attacked the red models significantly less frequently than the black models in each of three sites where red Damaster subspecies were distributed. In three sites where black Damaster subspecies were distributed, predators attacked both red and black models at similar rates. These results might imply that the predators learned more easily to avoid distasteful red beetles rather than black ones.

Testing the effect of consumer-model racial congruency on consumer behavior

Black, Asian, and Minority Ethnic (BAME) models continue to be underrepresented in advertising within the fashion and beauty industry. The present research project aims to evaluate the impact of same-raced model adverts on consumer behavior as well as testing consumer-model racial congruence with a specific focus on Black models and consumers, the latter of whom feel especially underrepresented in advertising campaigns. Two studies were conducted. In Study 1, 120 female participants (38 Black, 82 Caucasian) viewed 28 perfume advertisements featuring 14 Black and 14 Caucasian models. Participants rated their likelihood of purchasing the perfume and how much money they would be willing to spend. In Study 2, 99 female participants (34 Black, 65 Caucasian) made the same ratings in Study 1, but this time they rated images fragrances without any models present. Participants were divided into three conditions: (1) participants who received no priming, (2) participants were primed with images of Black models, and (3) participants were primed with images of Caucasian models. Both studies highlighted that Black participants showed an increased intention of buying as well as a willingness to spend a higher amount of money when the product advertised is accompanied by images of Black models. Consumer-model racial congruence was not supported for Caucasian participants. This article highlights a participant-model racial congruence for Black participants and underlines the positive impact of inclusive fashion on BAME consumers.

NEGROS EM FOCO: uma análise de matérias jornalísticas sobre a marca Lab no SPFW

Este trabalho resulta de uma pesquisa monográfica sobre a temática racial negra brasileira tendo como objeto 23 matérias jornalísticas acerca da grife LAB. Visa-se compreender as representações construídas sobre o negro na marca, que em seus desfiles no São Paulo Fashion Week levou às passarelas 90% de modelos negros. Para isso, é feita a análise do conteúdo de matérias dos sites Elle, Vogue, Estadão e Folha de São Paulo. Ao fim da pesquisa, concluiu-se que, embora os negros tenham sido exaltados nas matérias analisadas, o racismo continua existindo no Brasil. Os principais conceitos trabalhados são: raça, racismo, representação, empoderamento e lugar de fala, com base em Schwarcz (2012), Almeida (2018), Hall (2016), Berth (2018), Ribeiro (2017) etc. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: LAB; Moda; Negros; Racismo; Representação. ABSTRACT This paper is the result of a research on the brazilian black racial theme. Twenty-three journalistic articles about the fashion brand LAB were analyze. The goal was to understand the representations built around the black models, since 90% of the models taken to the runway by this brand at Sao Paulo Fashion Week were black. For this, a content analysis of the journalistic articles published by the Elle, Vogue, Estadão and Folha de São Paulo websites was performed. At the end of the research, it was concluded that although blacks were exalted in the analyzed articles, racism still exists in Brazil. The main concepts studied here are: race, racism, representation, empowerment and place of speech, based on Schwarcz (2012), Almeida (2018), Hall (2016), Berth (2018), Ribeiro (2017) etc. KEYWORDS: LAB; Fashion; Black; Racism; Representation. RESUMEN Este trabajo es el resultado de una investigación monográfica sobre el tema racial negro brasileño basada en 23 artículos periodísticos sobre la marca LAB. Pretende comprender las representaciones construidas acerca de el negro en la marca, que en sus desfiles en São Paulo Fahion Week llevó a las pasarelas 90% de modelos negros. Para ello, se realiza el análisis de contenido de los sitios web de Elle, Vogue, Estadão y Folha de São Paulo. Al final de la investigación, se concluyó que aunque los negros han sido exaltados en los textos analizados, el racismo aún existe en Brasil. Los principales conceptos estudiados son: raza, racismo, representación, empoderamiento y lugar de expresión, basados en Schwarcz (2012), Almeida (2018), Hall (2016), Berth (2018), Ribeiro (2017), entre otros. PALABRAS CLAVE: LAB; Moda; Negros; Racismo; Representación.