A comparative study on goals of competition law with the case of merger regulation and recommendations to Viet Nam

The goals of competition law and policy play a notable navigator in law enforcement and lead to new rule inauguration regimes. However, Vietnam avoids signifying its goals in all two competition law versions, the Vietnamese Competition Law 2004 and the Vietnamese Competition Law 2018. The practical merger regulation has been thus confusing in the circumstances. Be continued with the lengthy controversial discussions in the academic world; the paper opens the comparative approach to other major jurisdictions. Rather than the Asian earlies system of Japanese anti-monopoly law or the European Union's primary youngest competition law, the United States antitrust law contributes to the original explanation of the law's objectives and directions. It experiences that Vietnam could maintain the diverse goals of competition law with its priority interests. Rejecting the aspect of free and fair competition, or the workable competition, the analysis traces the identification of effective competition mainly according to the European Union's perspective. Notably, the industrial policy takes a significant connection with the competition policy; however, it does not always ensure competition law enforcement. Be mainly based on Japanese historical achievement; the paper leads to an appropriate direction to resolve this complicated relationship between the two conflict but reciprocity policies. These implications will contribute to enhancing the legalization of competition law in Vietnam.

The Goals of Competition Law

The Commerce Act 1986 expressly states its object is to promote “effective or workable competition.” This traditional Harvard School approach has been consistently assailed by big business interests in New Zealand, assisted by a phalanx of “down-under” Chicago School economists and lawyers. Chicagoans have had minor successes in terms of amendments to the principal Act, and some quite notable court victories, but the glittering prize, the overall objective of the Act, has remained unchanged. Chicago won several battles, but lost the war. A major amendment to the Act in 2001, promoted by a Labour government, recast its object to state that its purpose was “to promote competition in markets for the long-term benefit of consumers within New Zealand.” After a quiet period where nothing seemed to have changed, the most recent signs are that a mild preference for consumers is appearing. The chapter also examines the international competitiveness arguments of Michael Porter.

Reflexos do conceito de workable competition na doutrina e nos julgamentos do CADE

O artigo estuda os reflexos do conceito de workable competition elaborado pela Escola Estruturalista de Harvard, fundamentado em ideias de livre concorrência, descentralização, difusão do poder econômico, liberdade de manobra dos pequenos comerciantes e liberdade de escolha do consumidor, na legislação brasileira e nos julgados do Conselho Administrativo de Defesa Econômica (CADE). Tal fenômeno pode ser observado já a partir do disposto nos arts. 170, inciso IV e 173, § 4°, da atual Constituição Federal, em que se verifica que o principal corolário do princípio da livre iniciativa é o princípio da livre concorrência, que garante aos agentes econômicos a livre entrada e permanência nos mercados empresariais. Para a efetivação do presente estudo, foi necessária a realização de pesquisa bibliográfica em doutrinas nacionais e estrangeiras, que abordassem a teoria geral do direito antitruste, bem como os textos sobre Law and Economics, a título de fundamentação dos escritos. Além disso, foi feita uma incursão nas decisões do CADE, com a finalidade de verificar o seu posicionamento na área concorrencial, e checar se realmente a noção de concorrência viável tem orientado tais decisões.