Shakespeare on screen in the digital era: an annotated bibliography

The present article seeks to provide a comprehensive annotated guide to the publications related to the field of Shakespeare on screen for the period 2002–2020. Its entries have been classified into five categories: the first section includes a list of bibliographies, filmographies, and databases; the second features monographs focusing exclusively or substantially on the subject, whereas the third provides a list of related collections of essays. The fourth deals with specific journal issues, while published screenplays and other works on the making of the films are listed in the final section.

Part A Annotated Guide, 5 Public Enforcement of the Market Abuse Regulation

This chapter discusses the MAR’s approach to public enforcement. It first describes the historical evolution of public enforcement of market abuse and securities regulation in general. The Market Abuse Regulation (MAR) is notably the first EU legislative initiative with an encompassing approach to enforcement following the watershed 2007–2008 financial crisis. The chapter sketches the innovations of the MAR relating to public enforcement. It deals with the enhanced powers of the competent authorities, the closer involvement of market actors, and the improved cooperation between authorities. Finally, the chapter makes an economic assessment of the effectiveness of the new enforcement regime and its impact at the micro and macro level.

Part A Annotated Guide, 3 The Concept of Market Manipulation

This chapter discusses the concept of market manipulation. In contrast to the prohibition of insider dealing, market manipulation is not a single act or set of different behaviours but more of a multi-layer phenomenon covering all kinds of behaviours generally not accepted in any market. In capital markets law, four different forms of market manipulation developed, which can also be found in the Market Abuse Regulation (and other European regulations). These are information-based manipulation, transaction-based manipulation, short selling, and other forms of manipulation. However, the Market Abuse Regulation does not refer expressly to each of these forms of market manipulation but defines market manipulation in its Article 12 in general.

Part A Annotated Guide, 6 Private Enforcement of the Market Abuse Regulation in European Law

This chapter discusses the role of the Market Abuse Regulation in private law. An infringement of the MAR has an important effect on the private law relations between the infringer and the investing public. As regulatory provisions of this nature are classified as public law, any failure to comply with the MAR will also affect the infringer’s relationship with the competent financial supervisor. In other words, the relevant financial supervisor can enforce these provisions under administrative law in the event of an infringement. This is essentially no different from the situation under of the Market Abuse Regulation’s predecessor—the (former) Market Abuse Directive (2003/6/EC), as implemented in the various national legal systems.

Part A Annotated Guide, 4 Public Disclosure of Inside Information and Market Abuse

This chapter concerns the provisions laid out in the Market Abuse Regulation (MAR) regarding the unlawful disclosure of inside information and market manipulation. Considering the overwhelming evidence of a high level of market abuse activity, the preventative measures laid out here can be considered the MAR’s main contribution. Articles 17 to 21 of the MAR serve to complement the main market abuse prohibitions, serving the ancillary purpose of reducing the potential occurrences of insider dealing or market manipulation, through special, prompt, or objective disclosure requirements weighing on persons categorized according to the sensitivity of their professional positions. Articles 17 to 19 mainly concern issuers and their managers. Articles 20 and 21 impose objectivity and transparency requirements on persons producing or disseminating investment recommendations and on public institutions disseminating statistics or forecasts.