Do nacionalismo cultural à culturalização da nação: a Revista do Livro / From cultural nationalism to the culturalization of the nation: Revista do Livro

Resumo: O projeto político, literário e cultural promulgado pela Revista do Livro mobiliza uma série significativa de conceituações complexas que surgem em diferentes momentos, com variações em suas significações e aplicações. Publicada entre os anos de 1956 e 1970, atravessando, portanto, diferentes regimes de governo e mudanças bruscas na condução do Estado brasileiro, a revista do Instituto Nacional do Livro (INL) maneja conceitos centrais para a compreensão de sua atuação e de sua relação com o seu tempo e o seu meio. Dentre eles, veremos neste artigo como a Revista do Livro ativa e constrói suas próprias noções de tradição, de nacional, de cultura no processo de construção do seu próprio cânone da literatura brasileira.Palavras-chave: Revista do Livro; Instituto Nacional do Livro; tradição; nacional; cultura; cânone.Abstract: The political, literary, and cultural project promulgated by the Revista do Livro mobilizes a significant series of complex conceptualizations that appear at different times, with variations in their meanings and applications. Published between 1956 and 1970, thus going through different governmental regimes and abrupt changes in the conduction of the Brazilian State, the magazine of the National Book Institute handles concepts that are central to the understanding of its performance and its relationship with its time and milieu. Among them, we will see in this article how the Revista do Livro activates and constructs its own notions of tradition, national, and culture in the process of building its own canon of Brazilian literature.Keywords: Revista do Livro; National Book Institute; tradition; national; culture; canon.

Brazylijski rejs „Lwowa” na łamach „Świata” i „Tygodnika Ilustrowanego”

The aim of this article is to compare the modelling of media and memoir coverage of the Brazilian voyage of the “Lviv” in 1923 in two popular illustrated cultural magazines of the interwar period: Świat and Tygodnik Ilustrowany. To reconstruct the forms the message, publications from the years 1922–1925 were traced, i.e., those printed before, during, and shortly after the voyage. Using the comparative method and editorial collation, B. Pawłowicz’s and T. Dębicki’s reports published in the magazines were compared with their first book editions. As a result of this contextual analysis, the author shows how the choice of the information strategy pursued by the periodical influenced the modelling of the travel message. This information strategy also determined the reduction of the components presented and led to the creation of two separate stories, bringing people closer to the reality of life in São Vicente, Portugal, or the Brazilian state.

Invisibilidade do racismo e as lutas antirracistas a partir dos estudos da UNESCO de 1950

O presente artigo apresenta as lutas antirracistas e resistências do povo negro brasileiro tomando como ponto de partida as indicações do Brasil como exemplo positivo de convivência harmoniosa entre as raças, conferidas pela Organização das Nações Unidas para Educação, Ciência e Cultura (UNESCO), nos anos de 1950. Utilizando, especialmente, a pesquisa bibliográfica das obras de Thales de Azevedo, Florestan Fernandes e Oracy Nogueira, que participaram diretamente dos estudos da UNESCO, constata-se um quadro permanente de invisibilidade do racismo presente nas estruturas do Estado brasileiro e aspectos históricos sobre as questões raciais ainda por resolver. Destaca-se, ainda, que, para estudar as questões raciais no Brasil, é imprescindível abordar também as lutas contra o racismo. Palavras-chave: Racismo, Democracia racial, Resistências ABSTRACT The purpose of this article is to present studies on race relations in Brazilian society that analyzed the indications of UNESCO in Brazil as a positive example of harmonious coexistence between races. However, there is a permanent invisibility of racism present in the structures of the Brazilian State and historical aspects of racial issues still to be resolved. The methodology used was the documentary research of three authors who participated directly in the studies. It is also noteworthy that studying racial issues in Brazil is essential to address also the struggles against racism. Keywords: Racism, Racial democracy, Resistance

Território ribeirinho e a reprimarização do açaí: O caso da várzea de Abaetetuba/PA

O presente artigo discute os aspectos da territorialidade ribeirinha de Abaetetuba, no estado do Pará, com foco na produção do açaí (Euterpe oleracea) no município de Abaetetuba, considerando a importân­cia do açaí como base alimentar dos ribeirinhos do município, assim como o consumo em várias escalas. A pesquisa objetiva analisar a territorialidade ribeirinha na inserção do açaí na lógica de reprimarização da economia no município. Foram realizadas quinze entrevistas com pessoas que atuam diariamente nos elos da cadeia produtiva do açaí, realizadas nos meses de julho e agosto de 2021, com intuito de identificar a realidade atual produtiva do produto, frente o aumento da demanda e consequentemente a pressão exercida na várzea para garantir a oferta. A pesquisa mostra que a conscientização ambiental não alcança de maneira homogênea os agentes que atuam nos elos das cadeias, mas sim que há um distanciamento significativo por parte de quem não mora nas ilhas. Já os ribeirinhos em si possuem esta consciência, porém há uma apropriação das relações de ancestralidade que existem entorno do açaí, pelo neoextrati­vismo e que mantém a tendência monucultural do açaí, considerando que essa estratégia tende minimi­zar as possibilidades de conflito pelo uso do território ribeirinho, em função de ter sido implantado por meio de uma atividade produtiva de cunho ancestral, com isso se mantém as relações desiguais que a reprimarização necessita para se consolidar na várzea de Abaetetuba. Palavras-chave: Território; ribeirinho; açaí; reprimarização da economia; Abaetetuba. Abstract This paper discusses the aspects of ribeirinho territoriality of Abaetetuba in the Brazilian state of Pará, focusing on the production of açaí (Euterpe oleracea) in Abaetetuba municipality, considering the importance of açaí as the food base of the ribeirinho dwellers, as well as its consumption at various scale levels. The research aims to analyze the municipality’s ribeirinho territoriality in terms of the insertion of açaí in the logic of reprimarization of the local economy. Fifteen interviews were conducted with people who work daily in the links of the açaí production chain in the months of July and August 2021, in order to identify the current productive reality of the fruit, in face of the trend of incrementing both the demand and the pressure exerted on the floodplain to guarantee supply. The research shows that the environmental awareness does not reach homogeneously the agents that act in the links of the chains, but that there is a significant distancing on the part of those who do not live on the local space. The ribeirinho dwellers themselves show this awareness, but there is an appropriation of açaí’s ancestral relations by neoextractivism, and this maintains the monocultural trend of the fruit, considering that this strategy tends to minimize the possibilities of conflict for the use of ribeirinho territory, because it was implemented through a productive activity of ancestral nature, thus maintaining the unequal relations that reprimarization needs to consolidate itself in the floodplain of Abaetetuba. Keywords: Territory; ribeirinhos; açaí; reprimarization of the economy; Abaetetuba. El territorio ribereño y la reprimarización del açaí: El caso de la llanura de inundación de Abaetetuba (PA) Resumen Este trabajo discute los aspectos de la territorialidad ribereña de Abaetetuba, en el estado brasileño de Pará, centrándose en la producción delaçaí (Euterpe oleracea) en el municipio de Abaetetuba, conside­rando la importancia del açaí como base alimenticia de los ribereños delaciudad, así como el consumo de ello en diversas escalas. La investigaciónpretendeanalizar la territorialidad ribereña en la inserción del açaí en la lógica de reprimarización de la economía en el municipio. Se realizaron 15 entrevistas a personas que trabajan diariamente en posiciones de la cadena productiva del açaí, realizadas en los meses de julio y agosto de 2021, con el fin de identificar la realidad productiva actual del fruto, frente al aumento de la demanda y, en consecuencia, de la presión ejercida sobre la llanura de inundación para garantizar el su­ministro. La investigación muestra que la concienciación medioambiental no llega de forma homogénea a los agentes que actúan en los anillos de la cadena, sino que hay un distanciamiento significativo por parte de los que no viven en el espacio. Los propios ribereños tienen esta conciencia, pero hay una apro­piación de las relaciones ancestrales que existen en torno al açaí, por parte del neoextractivismo,lo que mantiene la tendencia monocultural del açaí, considerando que esta estrategia tiende a minimizar las po­sibilidades de conflicto por el uso del territorio ribereño, debido a que se han desplegado a través de una actividad productiva de carácter ancestral, con esto se mantienen las relaciones desiguales que la repri­marización necesita para consolidarse en la llanura de inundación de Abaetetuba. Palabras clave: Territorio; Ribereño; Açaí; Reprimarización de la economía; Abaetetuba.

Cartels and militias in Brazil in the system of modern hybrid wars

Aim. The aim of this work is to determine the mechanisms of the destructive influence of criminal organizations on the Brazilian State and the acceleration of their evolution under the influence of the narco-industry. Methodology. The study was conducted on the example of Brazilian criminal organizations and using The Trilateral Continuum "crime-terrorism-state". The methods of systemic and comparative analysis, synthesis, generalization and interpretation of the results were used. The mechanism of the destructive influence of criminal communities on the Brazilian State is revealed, The Trilateral Continuum is improved, and an explanation is given for the effect of the acceleration of the evolution of criminal communities under the influence of the narco-industry. Research implications. The results of the study significantly expand the understanding of the influence of criminal communities on the state, and also reveal the interdependence of the crisis of the capitalist system and the growth of the narco-industry which accelerates the evolution of criminal organizations.

On the Role of Financial Support Programs in Mitigating the Sars-CoV-2 Spread in Brazil

We calculate the impact of a socioeconomic program during 2020 as a measure to mitigate the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in Brazil. For each Brazilian State, we estimate the time-dependent reproduction number from daily reports of COVID-19 infections and deaths using a Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered-like (SEIR-like) model. Then, we analyse the correlations between the reproduction number, the amount of individuals receiving governmental aid, and the index of social isolation based on mobile phone information. We conclude that socioeconomic programs had a significant impact on reducing the accumulated numbers of infections and deaths by allowing those in need to stay at home, adhering to social isolation.

Outflow adjustment coefficient for the design of storage facilities using the rain envelope method applied to Brazilian state capitals

Detention devices are often used as alternative measures for stormwater control. The Envelope Curve Method is widely used in Brazil to estimate detention device volumes. This method estimates the storage volume based on inlet and outlet balance, where the inlet is obtained by the Rational Method and the outlet by orifice bottom discharge. Usually, the outlet flow is adopted as a constant and equivalent to the maximum allowed, and this procedure can cause reservoir undersizing. This paper evaluates detention control measures’ hydraulic behavior for the Envelope Curve Method and proposes the inclusion of an outflow adjustment coefficient (Cout), seeking to compensate for the adoption of constant outlet flow simplification. Values for this coefficient were estimated for several Brazilian state capitals, ranging from 0.62 up to 0.65. The undersizing hypothesis due to the adoption of constant outlet flow was confirmed, as the simulations showed the need for an increase between 8.4% to 16.8% in the device size. This undersizing may be compensated for by applying the outflow adjustment coefficient (Cout). Keywords: adjustment coefficient, detention facilities, envelope curve, hydrologic design outflow adjustment coefficient.