Air Freight Transport Developments in Bulgaria – Trends and Perspectives

Air transport is developing at a rapid pace globally and is of particular importance for the mobility of people and goods. Through its flexibility, it responds to the ever-changing situation in commodity markets and provides the necessary conditions for transport services’ supply and demand in shortening the delivery times. The main subject of analysis in the presented article is the development of air freight transport over the last 12 years. The main results of the analysis of the volumes and changes of freight traffic to and from Bulgarian airports, as well as carried by the main carriers, give the grounds for SWOT analysis and is used to outline the main prospects for the future of air freight transport. The main objective of the survey presented is to outline trends for the development of air freight transport in the country and in particular to clarify the various factors influencing the demand for freight transport by identifying a system of indicators measuring the freight volumes and the loading work carried out, which can be analyzed regularly, and which allows the forecasting of changes in freight volumes during certain periods of time.

Sustainability and Air Freight Transportation: Lessons from the Global Pandemic

The COVID-19 crisis has transformed the delivery of services and goods by public, private, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs), with one of the largest impacts being in air transport systems. This paper focuses on related opportunities and challenges within air freight transport management, exploring sustainability in light of recent, heavy human and economic costs across the world. There is, in the resulting process of recovery, the potential to create changes in the airline industry and across a number of private and public partnerships that will improve long-term environmental, social, and economic sustainability and stability. This paper also describes the impact of the current environment on air cargo operations to include the role of significantly reduced airline schedules on overall air cargo capacity. It considers the potential role of government in providing the infrastructure for collaboration between sectors, addressing the goals of sustainability, efficiency, effectiveness, and citizen responsiveness. NGOs provide a voice for community groups in ways that governments and corporations may not. Efficient markets link producers at various stages to consumers through global and local supply chains. Integrating key concepts from sustainable development and logistics, this paper explores short-run and long-run planning required by each of the three sectors to tackle the immediate shortfalls in global transportation by air. It then investigates urgent but longer-term environmental issues tied to air transport, such as global climate change, air pollution, and the nonrenewable nature of fossil fuels. Many of the infrastructural changes in the airline industry may offer solutions across public administration. With the tremendous impact of air transport on a number of other goods and services, carefully constructed solutions may have sustainability benefits across industries. As the tragedies of COVID-19 inevitably shake the foundations of organizational systems in all three sectors, this paper offers recommendations for advancing opportunities for a more efficient freight supply industry that minimize negative impacts through sustainable development.

Peranan Asuransi Dalam Pengiriman Barang Impor Menggunakan Air Freight Forwading

Peran dan kegiatan perusahaan Freight Forwarder atau Ekspedisi Muatan Kapal Udara menjadi sangat penting karena memudahkan bagi para eksportir maupun importir dalam jasa pengurusan ekspor-impor. Untuk itu perlunya pemahaman dan pengetahuan dari khalayak umum maupun pihak yang terkait mengenai jasa ini khususnya dalam kegiatan pengiriman barang melalui laut. Sehingga diharapkan fungsi dan tanggung jawab jasa ekspedisi sebagai sarana ekonomi dalam mewujudkan sistem pengelolaan pengiriman dan pengaturan barang menjadi efisien, tepat, dan aman (dengan memanfaatkan sistem informasi dan teknologi). Banyak Freight Forwarder bertindak sebagai operator dan bertanggung jawab penuh dalam melaksanakan pengangkutan meskipun tidak memiliki kapal sendiri. Yang dimaksud dengan operator disini adalah BHI (Badan Hukum Indonesia) yang melaksanakan kegitan usaha pelayanan jasa terhadap pesawat cargo dan barang dihanggar Bandar udara dalam rangka menunjang kegiatan angkutan melalui udara. Peran dan kegiatan perusahaan Freight Forwarding menjadi sangat penting karena memudahkan bagi para eksportir maupun importir dalam jasa pengurusan ekspor – impor. Kegiatan yang dilakukan Freight Forwarding merupakan satu kesatuan yang tidak dapat dihilangkan. Informasi dan strategi pengurusan dokumen dan cara pengiriman tersebut bertujuan untuk memberikan jasa pelayanan atau pengurusan atas seluruh kegiatan yang diperlukan bagi terlaksananya pengiriman, pengangkutan dan peneriman barang dengan menggunakan multimodal transport, baik melalui darat, laut atau udara.

ECONOMIC MECHANISMS FOR REGULATING THE DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIZATION INSTITUTIONAL FORMS OF FREIGHT AIR TRANSPORT

The article shows the strategic role of cargo air transport in the economies of the world, related to the maintenance of foreign trade, urgent delivery of goods, their transportation over long distances, and so on. The determining factors of the development of cargo air transport in the global economy are systematized: organizational innovations, information technologies, new forms of cooperation of air carriers and logistics solutions. The contribution of air transport to the formation of cargo turnover in Ukraine is determined. The opposite dynamics of volumes of cargo transportation by air and other types of transport is revealed. The contradiction between the low share of air cargo traffic and their strong absolute and structural growth is quantitatively shown. Air freight is defined by a market of oligopolistic competition due to a limited number of economic entities, the dominance of one large and several medium-sized players, the presence of barriers to entry, which are financial-investment and technical-technological nature. The attractiveness of the air freight market for investments is shown given the predominant positivity of financial results and the growing share of profitable enterprises. The institutional forms of organization of cargo air carriers (classic, combined, hybrid) are generalized, their advantages and disadvantages are defined. The principles of functioning of transport chains and realization of multimodal transportations on the basis of cargo air transport are substantiated. The main information systems of booking and management of air cargo transportation, distribution, pricing, calculations, tracking of luggage by buyers and sellers are characterized. The requirements of the International Air Transport Association for the use of innovative e-freight technologies in aviation are summarized, recommendations for joining the subjects of the domestic air cargo market in terms of electronic document management and simplification of customs procedures are developed. The improvement of economic mechanisms of development of cargo air transport in Ukraine on the basis of special economic zones of port type is offered.