Leininger’s Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality: An Overview With a Historical Retrospective and a View Toward the Future

An historical overview of Leininger’s Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality also known as the Culture Care Theory (CCT) and evolution of the Sunrise Enabler are presented along with descriptions of the theory purpose, goal, tenets, basic assumptions, major core constructs, and orientational definitions. Recent articles, books, and book chapters provide relevant exemplars to enhance scholarly understanding and application of theory constructs. Proposed future directions encompass using the CCT to guide research of discovery and translational research projects for evidenced-based nursing practice; develop nursing courses and curricula to prepare culturally competent nurses; guide future culturally competent administrative and leadership policies and procedures; inform public policy related to cultural diversity and underserved populations; promote grant writing initiatives to enhance cultural diversity in hiring nursing staff, supervisors, and faculty; and promote admission of nursing students from underserved and/or diverse backgrounds.

The kangaroo mother care method in the light of Leininger’s theory / Cuidados maternos no método canguru à luz da teoria de Leininger

Objetivo: Compreender os cuidados maternos na segunda etapa do método canguru à luz da Teoria de Leininger. Métodos: Pesquisa qualitativa, fundamentada na Teoria Transcultural do Cuidado de Leininger, realizada com oito mães internadas no alojamento canguru, mediante entrevista semiestruturada. Resultados: Foram constituídas as categorias: O “ser” prematuro para as mães; Preocupação com a perda de peso; Rotina materna de cuidados com o bebê; Práticas populares de saúde no cuidado do prematuro. Discussão: Evidenciou-se que as mães sofrem com o bebê real imposto pela prematuridade, o que pode ser mostrado através da preocupação exacerbada, principalmente nos cuidados rotineiros. Observou-se as influências culturais implícitas no cuidado, bem como experiências pessoais e os ensinamentos formais no direcionamento do cuidado. Conclusão: O profissional de saúde deve compreender que o cuidar/cuidado reveste-se de singularidades atreladas ao seu contexto sociocultural.

A critical analysis of gerontological nursing practice guided by Leininger's theory of culture care diversity and universaity

This article reports a critical analysis of gerontological nursing practice guided by Leininger's theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality. A LILACS database search was performed from January 1970 to June 2006. The analysis suggests that gerontological nursing care based on Leininger's theory needs further development; there is very little published research. The pluralism point of view of the process of taking care of the elderly requires close approximation, active involvement, respect, commitment, and responsibility from health care providers. Appropriate methods of taking care of the elderly should focus on the promotion and maintenance of health, emancipated care, and independence and autonomy. The report of this critical analysis might encourage further development of nursing care to the elderly.