Alternative culture, civil society and class struggle

The abridged Chapter 5 from Praznik’s Slovenian book The Paradox of Unpaid Artistic Labour: Autonomy of Art, the Avant-Garde and Cultural Policy in the Transition to Post-Socialism (Ljubljana: Sophia, 2016) reconsiders alternative art workers’ political agenda of the 1980s in light of political transformations of late Yugoslav socialism and the emergence of neo-liberal rationality. During the 1980s, art workers of the alternative art scene in Yugoslavia aimed to redefine and transform socialist production model by critiquing socialist ideology and institutions without taking issue with class differences in the arts. The chapter demonstrates how the 1980s alternative art scene did not consider transformations of working relations of the freelance art workers who were at that time redefined by cultural policy as socialist cultural entrepreneurs. By examining government’s attitudes of and policies for artistic labour the author argues that the spontaneous absorption of neo-liberalism (the realization of personal freedom) and exclusive focus on the critique of repressive state apparatuses during the late Yugoslav socialist period undermined the mandate of the welfare state’s institutions, which secured collective social reproduction and security. After the destruction of Yugoslavia in the early 1990s, the protagonists of the alternative art scene became members of the post-socialist precariat of self-employed cultural entrepreneurs who are divorced from social security and economic stability.

CARD: Overall survival (OS) analysis of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) receiving cabazitaxel versus abiraterone or enzalutamide.

5569 Background: The CARD trial (NCT02485691) compared cabazitaxel vs. an androgen receptor targeted agent (ART; abiraterone/enzalutamide) in mCRPC previously treated with docetaxel and the alternative ART (abiraterone/enzalutamide), in any order. These post hoc analyses assessed OS from various time points and the impact of prognostic factors. Methods: Patients with mCRPC previously treated with docetaxel and progressing ≤ 12 months on prior abiraterone/enzalutamide were randomized 1:1 to cabazitaxel (25 mg/m2 IV Q3W + daily prednisone + prophylactic G-CSF) vs. abiraterone (1000 mg PO + daily prednisone) or enzalutamide (160 mg PO). OS was calculated from date of diagnosis of metastatic disease, date of mCRPC, and start of 1st, 2nd or 3rd life-extending therapy (LET). A stratified multivariate Cox regression analysis assessed the impact of 14 prognostic factors on OS using a stepwise model selection approach with a significance level of 0.10 for entry into the model and 0.05 for removal. Results: In the CARD study (N = 255), median OS was longer with cabazitaxel vs. abiraterone/enzalutamide (13.6 vs 11.0 months; HR 0.64, 95% CI 0.46–0.89; p = 0.008). OS was numerically improved for cabazitaxel vs. abiraterone/enzalutamide when assessed from the time of diagnosis of metastatic disease or mCRPC, or from start of 1st or 2nd LET (Table). In the multivariate analysis, low hemoglobin, high baseline neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, and high PSA values at baseline were associated with worse OS. In presence of these factors, the OS benefit observed with cabazitaxel versus abiraterone/enzalutamide remained significant (HR 0.63, 95% CI 0.42–0.94, p = 0.022). Conclusions: Cabazitaxel numerically improved OS vs. abiraterone/enzalutamide in patients with mCRPC previously treated with docetaxel and the alternative ART (abiraterone/enzalutamide), whatever the time point considered. The robustness of this OS benefit was confirmed by stratified multivariate analysis. Sanofi funded. Clinical trial information: NCT02485691 . [Table: see text]