Sobre a Universidade

Este artigo, baseado em conferência realizada na Universidade Americana do Cairo, foi primeiramente publicado como: SAÏD, Edward W. On the University. Alif: Journal of Comparative Poetics, n. 25, p. 26-36, 2005. Tradução para o português de Everson Machado. Publicação autorizada. Agradecemos ao Professor Walid El Hamamsy, editor Chefe da revista Alif, a autorização para a publicação em português.

On the University

This article is based on a conference held at American University of Cairo and first appeared as: SAÏD, Edward W. On the University. Alif: Journal of Comparative Poetics, n. 25, p. 26-36, 2005.

The poetics of world literature as a comparative problem

Treatment of the notion ‘world literature’ is complicated by the problematic character of its components. This fact, in turn, prompts the need to challenge the approaches to the study of world literature, e. g. whether it can be defined by poetics, and if so, in what way would the latter be special? The everpersistent attempts to define world literature as a subject of a special mode of reading (D. Damrosch) or through the concept of distant reading (F. Moretti) are a clear indication of the demand for poetics as an art of reading a text, replacing the hitherto dominating cultural studies on the scholarly agenda. Both historical and comparative poetics are considered in terms of their potential applicability and development. Today, scholars are increasingly interested in the concept of historical poetics, originating in A. Veselovsky’s works. To test the application of historical poetics, the author suggests his way of reading the main plot of E. Zamyatin’s oeuvre, from the story Alatyr , which mythologizes Russian reality, to the world-famous dystopia We [ My ] in a world literary context.

Small Genres of Russian and Tatar Literature: Comparative Poetics

The article is devoted to the study of small genres of Russian and Tatar literature in the aspect of comparative poetics. It is stated that comparative poetics is based on a comparative method which is in its’ turn based on the idea of preservation of national literature originality, involved in a dialogue. The sphere of the uniqueness actualizes the category of genre, that is the problem of genres correlation, their possible correlation in cross-literal space. The factual basis - are the genres of fable and masal in works by I.A. Krylov and G. Tukai. Their history, some aspects of poetics and correlation in multilingual cultures are revealed. It is concluded that, Tukay in his collection of translations of “Pearls” (1909) was the founder of new genre form, which, on the one hand, was close to a Russian fable, on the other hand, took the features of the masal, as well as the Oriental Proverbs, nasihats and other genres associated with the tradition of rhymed prose.

Towards a Comparative poetics of Buddha, Kabir and Guru Nanak: From A Secular Democratic perspective

Este artículo muestra los valores seculares democráticos desarrollados hace 2500 años por el Buda y más tarde durante la tradición santa en la India, alrededor de los siglos XIV y XV, por Kabir y Guru Nanak incluso antes de que se legalizaran y consagraran en la constitución india. Ninguna otra nación o comunidad en el mundo tiene una filosofía tan completa de liberación holística como la de la India. Y que en una idiosincrasia como la de la India, que es multilingüe, multirreligiosa y multicultural, pudiera haber una potencial carencia de estudios religiosos interdisciplinarios o departamentos de religiones comparadas es en sí mismo la mayor paradoja de nuestro tiempo. Además, este documento explora el potencial emancipador y revolucionario de las creencias filosóficas y cosmovisiones igualitarias que los hicieron populares en todos los sectores de la sociedad. Se sabe que los tres eligieron vivir como personas comunes y usaron el lenguaje popular y el dialecto que se hablaba en ese momento. Los tres cuestionaron la eficacia del Karma Kanda (rituales védicos) y su enfoque hegemónico. Sus orientaciones ideológicas provocan un debate científico y un debate democrático abierto sobre la verdadera naturaleza de las cosas. La racionalidad, la igualdad, la fraternidad y la ideología liberal predicada por ellos se encuentran en oposición binaria a la irracionalidad, la desigualdad y la ortodoxia prevalecientes. El razonamiento y los logros más importantes, extraídos de las tres filosofías, es la libertad psicológica que eleva a los descalificados y despreciados, debido a cuestiones de casta, clase, género y la apertura de nuevas perspectivas de investigación e indagación que podrían proteger a los débiles contra la embestida de los fuertes y poderosos. Las enseñanzas de Buda, Kabir y Nanak van más allá de la comunidad, la religión, el idioma, la cultura y la nación para proporcionar una panacea universal y un paradigma de esperanza.

Introduction

“Critique and Cosmos: After Masao Miyoshi” aims to activate some of the energies, tactics, critical forces, geopolitics, comparative poetics, and visions Masao Miyoshi carried out in his work from the 1970s into the present millennium: coming to terms with aftering this impact in temporal, border-crossing, translational, field-reframing, and revisionary senses.