Modeling CO2 Emissions from Trips using Urban Air Mobility and Emerging Automobile Technologies

Urban air mobility (UAM) operations provide the potential for more, or more attractive, trips in a metropolitan area relative to wholly surface-based transportation. But the emissions produced by a UAM mode must be studied in relation to these benefits. In this paper, an emissions model for the UAM context using electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft is developed that incorporates CO2 gases emitted from the electricity production required to charge the vehicle batteries. The model quantifies trip emissions using UAM for part or all of the trip and compares these with automobile-based trips. The estimations consider using gasoline and electric automobiles, with the impact of autonomy and average ground speeds in traffic. Trip case studies in the Chicago and Dallas metropolitan areas showcase the regional differences when using UAM and different automobile technology scenarios. In particular, differences stemming from how electricity generation from power grids (i.e., grid emission index) contributes to CO2 emissions of eVTOL trips and electric automobile trips in the Chicago and Dallas metropolitan areas are computed. This paper introduces trip properties called the surface-to-air distance ratio and the detour ratio to understand how they influence the CO2 emissions of a trip. Results from the simulation on identified trip cases in Chicago and Dallas illustrate the significant impact of the grid emission index of a region’s power plant on the emissions of electric vehicles.

La bicicleta en el país de la (auto)movilidad eléctrica

Electric mobility has had a great impact as a major axis of intervention to move forward to a landscape at once less dependent on fossil fuels and more sustainable. Starting out from this framework, the objective we wish to pursue is to draw attention to the restrictive reading imposed on the concept of electric mobility, predominately identified with its automotive branch, leaving aside the bicycle. The contribution of the electric automobile to the fulfilment of the objectives demanded by sustainable mobility has been tackled, thus demonstrating the limitations of technological solutions and emphasising the need to reduce the number of cars, their usage and speed, and the need to prioritise pedestrians, cyclists and public transport. After analysing the evolution, benefits and risks of the electric bicycle, it is confirmed that this is by far the most widespread electric vehicle, despite the tiny amount of public aid it receives. It stands out for its powerful strategic value to attract many people to cycling who are reluctant to use conventional bicycles, or who want to make longer journeys effortlessly, or are put off by steep slopes, or want to carry loads or children. Finally, greater public attention is advocated for electric bicycles, suggesting criteria and lines of action to give shape to policies in this area.

Arsitektur High Tech pada Rancangan Gedung Futura Mega Electric Automobile di Surabaya

Surabaya sebagai kota metropolitan membutuhkan solusi permasalahan polusi udara. Penggunaan transportasi listrik sangat mempengaruhi upaya mengurangi polusi udara akibat transportasi konvensional sehingga memberikan dampak yang baik bagi lingkungan. Terkait upaya pengurangan polusi udara akibat transportasi konvensional, maka Perancangan Gedung Futura Mega Electric Automobile di Surabaya yang merupakan bangunan dengan fungsi bisnis, edukasi dan rekreasi sebagai persiapan untuk menyambut kemajuan teknologi transportasi masa depan dan sebagai langkah awal untuk memperkenalkan teknologi transportasi listrik merupakan salah satu gagasan yang sangat menarik. Rancangan High Tech Architecture pada bangunan ini terinspirasi dari bangun mobil listrik yang berorientasi ke masa depan. Perancangan arsitektur bangunan dilakukan melalui serangkaian tahapan mulai dari identifikasi proyek, studi preseden, program rancangan, konsep hingga pengembangan rancangan. Makro konsep future oriented dipilih berdasarkan korelasi antara judul, fungsi bangunan dan tema sehingga diharapkan dapat memberikan citra bangunan yang berorientasi ke masa depan, selaras dengan fungsi bangunan dan juga tema high tech architecture. Konsep mikro tata lahan menggunakan karakter supporting yang bertujuan untuk menciptakan tatanan lahan yang mendukung fungsi bangunan. Konsep mikro bentuk menggunakan karakter iconic yang bertujuan untuk menciptakan bentukan yang dapat menjadi ikon penanda suatu wilayah dan bervisi ke masa depan. Konsep ruang menggunakan karakter split level yang bertujuan untuk menciptakan ruang kontinyu yang seperti tanpa batas, dan memberikan akses yang mudah dan fleksibel, dikarenakan bangunan memiliki fungsi ruang yang bermacam-macam. Semua hal tersebut dimaksudkan untuk memberikan penyelesaian terhadap permasalahan yang ada dan merujuk kepada kebutuhan untuk memberikan citra bangunan masa depan.

Communication Leads to Illusion: A Conceptual Framework of Negotiators' Violation of Maxims of Conversation in the Light of Theory of Planned Behavior

Among the most powerful practical speculations that have caught the consideration of the linguists is the Grecian maxims of Conversational Implication. Grice contributes to draw line between what is said and what is implied. An observational examination introduced to explore the utilization of this hypothesis to the conversation in between managers from different electric automobile companies. Interviewer and managers involved in conversation with each other to pass on what they need to say either verifiably or unequivocally. The great point of this examination is to explore the Grecian Hypothesis of Conversational Implication in the light of TPB. Semi-coordinated meetings with administrators from four diverse Electric Vehicle (EV) organizations specifically: Karakorum Engines, Chongqing Changan Auto Restricted, Al-Pilgrimage Car Private Restricted, and BMW were led. Conversationalists can expect that when speakers deliberately ridicule an adage. Hence, the Grecian maxims fill a need both when they are followed and when they are mocked.

Optimal user oriented multi-level experience planning strategy for electric automobile charging path

Focusing on the battery-charging problem that is brought to the electric automobile users, this paper integrated the “automobile-network-path” multi-source information and presented the multi-level user experience index system which combined charging prices, driving distances, degrees of traffic congestion and other factors. The recommended algorithm and model for charging strategy was built up to improve the user experience. Meanwhile, it invoked map Application Programming Interface (API) to plan multiple paths. Consolidated by the status of charging piles, the distance between the automobile and the piles, the charging prices along with more real-time information, the multi-level user oriented experience index system was set up to recommend an optimal navigation route to the charging station for the automobile owners. Validated by the application results, the proposed algorithm that helped navigate to the charging stations or piles can effectively solve the practical problems1 such as difficulty in orienting the charging piles, waiting in lines, and high charging fees.