Antibiotics Resistance Pattern of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated From In-patients of an Orthopaedic Hospital in North-Western Nigeria

Background and aims: Staphylococcus aureus, an important pathogen in bone diseases, is a highly multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacterium. This study aimed to investigate the antibiotic resistance among S. aureus isolated from patients on admission in an orthopaedic hospital. Methods: In this cross-sectional research, 140 samples comprising urine samples, wound swabs, and nasal swabs were collected from 49 patients on admission. Samples were cultured and screened for S. aureus following standard procedures. Using the agar-disk diffusion method, the isolates were subjected to antibiotics susceptibility tests. Results: S. aureus were isolated from 26 (18.6%) samples, and wound swabs were found to have the highest number of the S. aureus isolates with 12 (46.2%). Among the 26 S. aureus isolated, 25 (96.2%) isolates were resistant to at least four or more of the tested antibiotics. There were 23 (88.5%) MDR isolates, while there were only 2 (7.6%) extensively drug resistant ones. The number of methicillin-resistant S. aureus were 17 (65.4% of the isolates), while the number of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus were 9 (34.6% of the isolates). A total of 22 (84.6%) isolates had multi-antibiotic resistance (MAR) index greater than 0.2. Inducible clindamycin resistance of 2 (7.6%) was observed. Conclusion: This study showed that the S. aureus isolated from the patients were resistant to multiple antibiotics. Regular surveillance of antibiotic resistance is of utmost importance, since it facilitates the design or development of the treatment regimens that could check the spread of antimicrobial resistance.

Editorial: CORROSION Welcomes New Associate Editor

Ingrid Milošev has been named to the CORROSION Editorial Board as an Associate Editor. Dr. Milošev is currently a scientific advisor and the Head of the Department of Physical and Organic Chemistry at Jožef Stefan Institute in Ljubljana, Slovenia, where she has worked since 1987. She is also a scientific advisor for Valdoltra Orthopaedic Hospital, where she previously worked for 18 years as the assistant manager for research and education.

A seven week observational analysis of clinical activities in a North Italian orthopaedic hospital during the second wave of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: far from usual volumes, but different from the first wave

Purpose We previously described the radical changes occurred in an orthopaedic hospital in Milan (Italy) during the first SARS-CoV-2 pandemic outbreak. Currently, during the second wave, the situation is still far from normality. Here we describe the changes that took place, and are still ongoing, in the clinical practice. Methods Number and type of admissions, outpatients activity, ER and urgent procedures in SARS-CoV-2 negative and positive patients have been analyzed over seven weeks (October 26th–December 13th, 2020) and compared with the correspondent period in 2019 and the same timeframe during the first wave (February 24th–April 10th). Results 2019 vs. 2020: Overall admissions decreased by 39.8%; however, while admissions for elective surgery dropped by 42.0%, urgent surgeries increased by 117.0%. Rehabilitation admissions declined by 85.2%. White and green priority ER consultations declined by 41.6% and 52.0%, respectively; yellow and red increased by 766.7% and 400.0%, respectively. Second vs. first wave: Overall admissions increased by 58.6% with a smoother decrement in weekly admissions than during the first wave. Disparity of acute admissions vs. rehabilitation expanded: Acute cases increased by 63.6% while rehabilitation cases decreased by 8.7%. Admissions to triage procedures increased by 72.3%. Conclusions Activity levels are far from normality during the second COVID-19 wave. Elective surgery and outpatients-related activities are still strongly limited compared to 2019 while the number of urgent cases treated increased consistently. SARS-CoV-2 positive emergencies are slightly higher than during the first wave. These important changes are expected to impact on health service and hospital budget for long.

A Bibliometric Analysis and Visualisation of Research Trends in Surface Coating of Hip Implant

Innovations and advances in material engineering and surface engineering play a key role in developing modern, safe, durable, and biocompatible implants. The bibliometric analysis had been conducted to understand the active authors, organizations, journals, and countries involved in the research domain of “surface coating of implants”. All published articles related to “surface coating of implants” from “Scopus”, were Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery and Biomaterials. The leading organization engaged in the research regarding surface coating of hip implants was the Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust of United Kingdom. The most active authors who had made valuable contributions related to the surface coating of implants were De Groot K and Goodman S.B.

A Review of Post-Burn Contracture Release Procedures at the National Orthopaedic Hospital, Enugu

Background: Contracture release surgeries are done to correct functional impairment, pain or discomfort, recurrent ulceration and cosmetic challenges associated with contractures across joints and mobile structures such as the eyelids.