ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGICAL HEREDITY ON INDICATORS OF RELIABILITY, DURABILITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY OF ELEMENTS OF GAS TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS

Modern gas transmission systems are power facilities based on a main pipeline, which is a continuous pipe, along which devices are placed that provide gas pumping at predetermined parameters. Unlike other linear structures, such as roads, railways, the main pipeline throughout the entire period of operation is in a complex stress state under the influence of the internal pressure of the pumped product and functions as a pressure vessel. The operational reliability, durability and environmental safety of gas transmission systems are ensured by various control devices and pipe fittings. The article discusses issues related to predicting the operation of pipe fittings during the operation of the gas transmission system, while ensuring the required reliability, durability and environmental safety. An analysis of the phenomena of technical heredity is given, with the help of which it is possible to determine the causes of deviations in the output parameters of pipe fittings in the process of their manufacture or repair. It has been proved that the main feature of technological heredity is the transfer of a certain technological property from the previous technological operation to subsequent ones, characterized by the transfer coefficient of technological heredity. An indispensable condition for the monotonicity of changes in the transmission coefficient of technological heredity in order to ensure the required quality of manufacture or repair of pipe fittings is revealed. The economic principle of predicting the quality of manufacturing or repair of products is proposed for use, a relationship is found between the initial and output technological properties of pipe fittings, a route is chosen to achieve the required quality of its manufacture or repair, including procurement and finishing technological operations.

Unravelling the Phases of Melamine Formaldehyde Resin Cure by Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Multivariate Curve Resolution (MCR)

Here, we study resin cure and network formation of solid melamine formaldehyde pre-polymer over a large temperature range via dynamic temperature curing profiles. Real-time infrared spectroscopy is used to analyze the chemical changes during network formation and network hardening. By applying chemometrics (multivariate curve resolution, MCR), the essential chemical functionalities that constitute the network at a given stage of curing are mathematically extracted and tracked over time. The three spectral components identified by MCR were methylol-rich, ether linkages-rich and methylene linkages-rich resin entities. Based on dynamic changes of their characteristic spectral patterns in dependence of temperature, curing is divided into five phases: (I) stationary phase with free methylols as main chemical feature, (II) formation of flexible network cross-linked by ether linkages, (III) formation of rigid, ether-cross-linked network, (IV) further hardening via transformation of methylols and ethers into methylene-cross-linkages, and (V) network consolidation via transformation of ether into methylene bridges. The presented spectroscopic/chemometric approach can be used as methodological basis for the functionality design of MF-based surface films at the stage of laminate pressing, i.e., for tailoring the technological property profile of cured MF films using a causal understanding of the underlying chemistry based on molecular markers and spectroscopic fingerprints.

PIGEON PEA PROTEIN CONCENTRATE (CAJANUS CAJAN) SEEDS GROWN IN ECUADOR FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES

Objective: The aim of this study was to obtain pigeon pea protein concentrate (PC) of green seeds and mature seeds from Cajanus cajan grown in Ecuador and evaluate their functional properties.Methods: Pigeon PC of green seeds (GPPPC) and pigeon PC of mature seeds (MPPPC) were obtained by alkaline extraction (pH 8.5) using the isoelectric precipitation at pH 4.5 method. Content of protein was determined using the Dumas method. Functional properties were evaluated with the following functional properties: Protein solubility (PS), water absorption capacity (WAC), oil absorption capacity (OAC), emulsifying activity index (EAI), emulsion stability index (ESI), foaming capacity (FC), and foam stability (FS).Results: GPPPC and MPPPC are statistical different (p<0.05) in the evaluation of functional properties such as WAC, OAC, EAI, ESI, FC, and FS. GPPPC and MPPPC have different PS profiles. GPPPC is higher in WAC and EAI; MPPPC is higher in OAC, EAI, FC, and FS properties.Conclusions: PPPC can be used as functional ingredients that provide technological improvements in the generation of new food products. Both seed, green or mature, can be considered to obtain PPPC. The green or mature PPPC to be used would depend on the technological property required in the specific process for the food industry.

Determing the Viscosity of Rarely Examined Glasses

High energy explosions and irradiation may cause that the minerals and mineraloids form glassy phase on the earth surface. We would like to determine the mechanical properties of these glassy materials. To achieve this and manufacture samples we need to measure the main technological property, the viscosity.

Stamping Die Design of a Kind of Textile Machine Needle

This paper introduces a stamping die design of a kind of textile machine needle. According to the size,material and mass production requirements of needle, the blanking technological property of parts are analyzed, and its general principles, methods and steps of die design are introduced. The structure of stamping die is gap-frame press, and JB23-25 is selected to do the work. The dimensions of cutting edge and dimensional tolerance are calculated. Finally designing components, checking stamping equipment and drawing assembly diagram are finished. This stamping die is mainly composed by punch die and concave die, positioning parts, discharge unit, die set, stamping machine and fasteners.

A Research of the Influence on the Coking Technological Property by Adding Dusts of Blast Furnace Containing Iron and Carbon

In this paper, a research on adding dusts of blast furnace (DBF) which contains iron and carbon to the coal blend was carried out on 5 Kg coke oven. The influences of addition amount (0.25%~1.25%) and size distribution (0~2.5 mm) for DBF on the quality of the coke were investigated. The results showed that the influence on the quality of the coke was little when amount of DBF was less than 0.25% and particle size was from 0.5 mm to 1 mm, but the quality of the coke decreased obviously when addition amount was more than 0.25% and the size was larger than 1 mm.