The Effect of Students’ Perception of Teachers’ Emotional Support on School Burnout Dimensions: Longitudinal Findings

School burnout is linked to relevant adverse consequences for students’ academic careers. Thus, several authors have focused on the internal and external factors that reduce burnout, highlighting the role of teachers’ support. Nonetheless, few studies addressed how students’ perception of teachers’ emotional support protects them from school maladaptive behaviors. The present study aimed to longitudinally investigate in a final sample of 295 Italian high school students (F = 78.6%; M = 15.78, SD = 1.48) the protective role of students’ perception of teachers’ emotional support dimensions on school burnout across a school year. We expected that teachers’ emotional support dimensions had a significant inverse effect on students’ burnout. We preliminarily investigated the study variables’ associations and whether the mean levels of burnout dimensions increased throughout the school year. Correlation analysis supported the associations among the study variables, and repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) analyses highlighted that the mean levels of school burnout dimensions increased over time. Moreover, hierarchical multiple regression analyses have shown that at the beginning of the school year (T1), the teacher sensitivity dimension significantly and inversely affected emotional exhaustion by the end of the school year (T2). Our findings shed light on the role played by teacher emotional support and give suggestions on which specific facet should have to be improved to shield students from later burnout-related exhaustion.

Teacher Emotional Support Scale on Italian High School Students: A Contribution to the Validation

Background/Objective: This study represents a contribution to the validity and reliability of the 15-item Teacher Emotional Support Scale in a sample of Italian high school students (N=501; 80.2% females; M=15.66; SD=1.52). Therefore, the present paper aimed to examine the factor structure and to investigate the reliability and validity of the scale. Students’ perception of teacher emotional support refers to the students’ perception of whether and to what extent the teacher shows caring and understanding behaviours, promotes students' growth and establishes personal relationships with them. Materials and Methods: Confirmatory factor analyses confirmed that the hypothesized three-factor solution had the best fit to the data, assessing three different but related dimensions: Positive climate, Teacher sensitivity, and Regard for adolescent perspective. Furthermore, the reliability and convergent and discriminant validity can be considered adequate. Conclusion: The Teacher Emotional Support Scale could be considered as a valid instrument to assess high school students’ perception of the emotional support received from their teachers. Practical implications have also been discussed.

Implementasi Kebijakan Peningkatan Profesionalisme Guru SMP Negeri 3 Hu’u Kabupaten Dompu Nusa Tenggara Barat

This study aims to determine (1) the implementation of policies for increasing professionalism of teachers in SMP Negeri 3 Hu'u, (2) the constraints of implementing policies for increasing professionalism of teachers in SMP Negeri 3 Hu'u, (3) efforts to overcome obstacles in implementing policies for increasing professionalism teacher at Hu'u Middle School 3. This research uses a qualitative approach. The data collection techniques of this study were interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that (1) the implementation of the policy of increasing teacher professionalism in SMP Negeri 3 Hu'u has not been carried out to the maximum. The implementation is carried out through MGMP, PKB, Diklat, school curriculum development. Lack of opportunities to develop the profession on an ongoing basis because teachers are stuck in a routine. Teachers are also less motivated to develop professionally and personally motivated to develop their profession. (2) Constraints faced are lack of teacher sensitivity towards their profession, school policies for GTTs that do not yet have NUPTK are still not optimal, teachers delay time in various teacher development activities. (3) Efforts made in overcoming obstacles are the existence of teacher development training conducted by colleagues at the School; district-level training, workshops, teacher tutoring group learning; teacher discipline, and student discipline which must be followed by all teachers and students who are in the Hu'u 3 Public Middle School.Keywords: Policy, Professionalism, TeacherAbstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) implementasi kebijakan peningkatan profesionalisme guru di SMP Negeri 3 Hu’u, (2) kendala implementasi kebijakan peningkatan profesionalisme guru di SMP Negeri 3 Hu’u, (3) upaya mengatasi kendala implementasi kebijakan peningkatan profesionalisme guru di SMP Negeri 3 Hu’u. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data penelitian ini yaitu wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) implementasi kebijakan peningkatan profesionalisme guru di SMP Negeri 3 Hu’u belum dilaksanan dengan maksimal. Pelaksanaannya dilakukan melalui MGMP, PKB, Diklat, pengembangan kurikulum sekolah. Kurangnya kesempatan untuk mengembangkan profesi secara berkelanjutan karena guru terjebak pada rutinitas. Guru juga kurang termotivasi untuk melakukan pengembangan profesionalisme dan tergerak secara pribadi untuk mengembangkan profesinya. (2) Kendala yang dihadapi yaitu kurang adanya kepekaan guru terhadap profesinya, kebijakan sekolah untuk para GTT yang belum memiliki NUPTK masih belum maksimal, guru mengundur waktu dalam berbagai kegiatan pengembangan guru. (3) Upaya yang dilakukan dalam mengatasi kendala yaitu adanya pelatihan pengembangan guru yang dilakukan perpekan di Sekolah tersebut; pelatihan pada tingkat Kabupaten, workshop, belajar kelompok bimbingan guru; tata tertib guru serta tata tertib siswa yang harus diikuti oleh seluruh guru dan peserta didik yang berada di Sekolah SMP Negeri 3 Hu’u.Kata Kunci: Kebijakan, Profesionalisme, Guru

Implementasi Kebijakan Peningkatan Profesionalisme Guru SMP Negeri 3 Hu’u Kabupaten Dompu Nusa Tenggara Barat

This study aims to determine (1) the implementation of policies for increasing professionalism of teachers in SMP Negeri 3 Hu'u, (2) the constraints of implementing policies for increasing professionalism of teachers in SMP Negeri 3 Hu'u, (3) efforts to overcome obstacles in implementing policies for increasing professionalism teacher at Hu'u Middle School 3. This research uses a qualitative approach. The data collection techniques of this study were interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that (1) the implementation of the policy of increasing teacher professionalism in SMP Negeri 3 Hu'u has not been carried out to the maximum. The implementation is carried out through MGMP, PKB, Diklat, school curriculum development. Lack of opportunities to develop the profession on an ongoing basis because teachers are stuck in a routine. Teachers are also less motivated to develop professionally and personally motivated to develop their profession. (2) Constraints faced are lack of teacher sensitivity towards their profession, school policies for GTTs that do not yet have NUPTK are still not optimal, teachers delay time in various teacher development activities. (3) Efforts made in overcoming obstacles are the existence of teacher development training conducted by colleagues at the School; district-level training, workshops, teacher tutoring group learning; teacher discipline, and student discipline which must be followed by all teachers and students who are in the Hu'u 3 Public Middle School.Keywords: Policy, Professionalism, TeacherAbstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) implementasi kebijakan peningkatan profesionalisme guru di SMP Negeri 3 Hu’u, (2) kendala implementasi kebijakan peningkatan profesionalisme guru di SMP Negeri 3 Hu’u, (3) upaya mengatasi kendala implementasi kebijakan peningkatan profesionalisme guru di SMP Negeri 3 Hu’u. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data penelitian ini yaitu wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) implementasi kebijakan peningkatan profesionalisme guru di SMP Negeri 3 Hu’u belum dilaksanan dengan maksimal. Pelaksanaannya dilakukan melalui MGMP, PKB, Diklat, pengembangan kurikulum sekolah. Kurangnya kesempatan untuk mengembangkan profesi secara berkelanjutan karena guru terjebak pada rutinitas. Guru juga kurang termotivasi untuk melakukan pengembangan profesionalisme dan tergerak secara pribadi untuk mengembangkan profesinya. (2) Kendala yang dihadapi yaitu kurang adanya kepekaan guru terhadap profesinya, kebijakan sekolah untuk para GTT yang belum memiliki NUPTK masih belum maksimal, guru mengundur waktu dalam berbagai kegiatan pengembangan guru. (3) Upaya yang dilakukan dalam mengatasi kendala yaitu adanya pelatihan pengembangan guru yang dilakukan perpekan di Sekolah tersebut; pelatihan pada tingkat Kabupaten, workshop, belajar kelompok bimbingan guru; tata tertib guru serta tata tertib siswa yang harus diikuti oleh seluruh guru dan peserta didik yang berada di Sekolah SMP Negeri 3 Hu’u.Kata Kunci: Kebijakan, Profesionalisme, Guru