Déterminants Sociotechniques De L'élevage De La Volaille Au Sein Des Concessions Dans La Commune De Bambey, Sénégal

L’aviculture est une activité socio-économique très répandue et importante au Sénégal car c’est un secteur qui pourvoie des emplois. L’étude s’est déroulée auprès de 150 aviculteurs à travers une enquête formelle dans la commune de Bambey, région de Diourbel au Sénégal. Les enquêtes ont porté sur les caractéristiques socio-économiques des éleveurs, la conduite technique et économique des élevages mais aussi sur l’analyse des contraintes. Elle est constituée de 70,7% d’hommes et 29,3% de femmes dont 75% sont mariés ,19% sont célibataires et 6% sont veufs avec une moyenne d’âge de 38,6±13,5 ans. L’activité est exercée notamment par des fonctionnaires (22,7%), des étudiants (17 ,3%), des commerçants, des ménagères et des ouvriers à 14,7% pour chaque groupe. Ceux dont l’aviculture est leur activité principale ne représentent que 8%. La motivation des aviculteurs est plus qu’économique (53,3%) et passionnelle (25,3%). L’appropriation de la volaille revient à 88% des enquêtés, à 6,7% aux membres de la famille et à 4% aux enfants. Les élevages sont de type mono spécifique (52%) et plurispécifique (48%). Les espèces élevées sont les poulets (locaux et exotiques), les pigeons, les canards, les dindes, les oies, les pintades et les cailles. La quasi-totalité des éleveurs (73,3%) alimentent leurs volailles au moins une fois par jour alors que 26,7% laissent leurs animaux en divagation. La reproduction est mieux contrôlée chez les espèces de races exotiques. La vaccination est pratiquée par 64,6% des enquêtés. Les pathologies dominantes sont la maladie de Newcastle (47,6%), le parasitisme (18,4%), la variole (13,4%) et le coryza (10,3%), Les principales contraintes sont les maladies, la cherté des aliments, la chaleur, le manque de formation. Cependant, le développement de l’aviculture nécessite la mise en place d’un programme de conseil. La subvention et l’implication de tous les acteurs du système est nécessaire pour son développement. Poultry farming is a very widespread and important socio-economic activity in Senegal because it is a sector that provides jobs. The study involved 150 poultry farmers through a formal survey in the commune of Bambey, Diourbel region in Senegal. The surveys focused on the socio-economic characteristics of the farmers, the technical and economic management of the farms, and the analysis of constraints. It is made up of 70.7% men and 29.3% women, 75% of whom are married, 19% are single and 6% are widowed, with an average age of 38.6±13.5 years. The activity is carried out by civil servants (22.7%), students (17.3%), shopkeepers, householders and workers (14.7% for each group). Those whose main activity is poultry farming represent only 8%. The motivation of poultry farmers is more than economic (53.3%) and passionate (25.3%). The ownership of the animals belongs to 88% of the respondents, 6.7% to family members and 4% to children. The farms are mono-specific (52%) and multi-specific (48%). The species raised are chickens (local and exotic), pigeons, ducks, turkeys, geese, guinea fowl and quails. Almost all farmers (73.3%) feed their poultry at least once a day while 26.7% let their animals roam. Reproduction is better controlled in exotic breeds. Vaccination is practiced by 64.6% of respondents. The dominant diseases are Newcastle disease (47.6%), parasitism (18.4%), smallpox (13.4%) and coryza (10.3%). The main constraints are diseases, the high cost of food, heat and lack of training. However, the development of poultry farming requires the establishment of an advisory program. The subsidy and involvement of all the actors in the system is necessary for its development.

The Digitalization of Self-Access and Advising Services in Times of a Global Pandemic

The global pandemic forced educational institutions worldwide to adapt to a new, fully online concept of education and a rapid digitalization to keep providing their services to learners. This paper reports on the digitalization process of the Independent Learning Center (ILC) and the Learning Advisory Program (LAP) unit at Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University (AYBU), Turkey. The interrelated digitalization stories of the two units include the provision of learning resources and activities to learners with digital tools and their responses to the new format. Despite the challenges involved, the ILC has offered a considerably higher number of extracurricular activities than in face-to-face education days and reached a higher number of learners in the 2020-2021 academic year. As for the LAP, the participants’ reflections showed how opportunities for offering engaging activities in the LAP created a cascading impact of affordances for both the individual learners and the members of the larger community.

The Learning Advisory Program Club Events and Well-Being: Regular Clubbers’ Reflections on Their Experiences

From a sociocultural perspective of autonomy, it is vital that learners can access information, identify their values, know themselves, and manage their cognitive and affective states in their learning environment, and voice their opinions within their community of practice. To provide its learners with autonomy-supportive and structured environments within its specific context, the Learning Advisory Program Unit (LAP) of Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University School of Foreign Languages (AYBU SFL) designed an extracurricular program, the LAP Club, which incorporated self-determination theory (SDT), PERMA-the five pillars of well-being, and intentional reflective dialogue (IRD) to promote advising practices. The resulting content was delivered following the phases defined in the equipped for future (EFF) framework and standards. In this qualitative research project investigating the participants’ perceptions of the efficiency of the program in promoting their well-being, a questionnaire developed based on PERMA profiler by Butler and Kern (2016) was administered to five regular participants in their L1, Turkish. A translation method was applied to the data by the researcher to manage sensitive qualitative data and enhance research transparency. The findings indicate that the awareness gained with notions of well-being improves the learning process and develops the sense of self-determination with high levels of well-being.

What Works in Appraisal Meetings for Newly Graduated Doctors? – and What doesn't ?

Background: In Denmark, an educational advisor is assigned to all doctors in each clinical rotation of postgraduate medical education. The advisor conducts at least three appraisal meetings with the trainee to guide and oversee his/her work and learning progress.This study explores why trainees evaluated the advisory program as either beneficial (successes) or not beneficial (non-successes). Methods: Inspired by the Success Case Method, a survey was conducted among all 129 doctors employed in their first six-month clinical rotation of postgraduate medical education in the Central Denmark Region. A cluster analysis resulted in groups with eight successes and seven non-successes. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six successes and five non-successes. Results: In contrast to non-successes, the successes had longer appraisal meetings and their advisor introduced them to purpose and process of meetings including use of the personal learning plan. Successes received feedback on clinical skills, overall global performance and career plans. The successes perceived their advisors as prepared, skilled and motivated and the advisor acted as a contact person.To the successes, the appraisal meetings fostered clarification of and reflections on educational goals, progress and career as well as self-confidence and a sense of security. Conclusion: Success with appraisal meetings seemed to depend on advisor’s skills and motivation including willingness to prioritize time for this task. The results from this study indicate the importance of faculty development. It also raises the question if all doctors should serve as advisors or if this task should be assigned to the most motivated candidates.

Perception of Agricultural Smallholder Farmers on Public Extension and Advisory Services in Ethekwini Municipality, Kwazulu-Natal Province

The government’s inability in South Africa to ensure that formulated programs, structures, and policies adequately accommodate smallholder farmers hinders the sector’s ability to grow and develop. This study examines the agricultural smallholder farmers’ perception of the service delivered by the extension and advisory officers. The researchers obtained the primary data from fifteen focus group discussions with the smallholder farmers and three senior government officials under the Department of Agriculture & Rural Development who willingly responded to face-to-face semi-structured interviews. Using thematic analysis, the authors found that the public extension &advisory Officers do not provide substantial support to smallholder farmers seeking access to markets. The study results also show that the agricultural smallholder farmers are dissatisfied with the public extension and advisory officers’ services. Smallholder farmers continue to experience numerous challenges, although the extension and advisory program was implemented to help farmers deal with some challenges for growth and sustainability. New results are expected to provide empirical evidence regarding the performance of extension and advisory officers on smallholder sectors’ development. Furthermore, study results can be used as guidelines for the government when considering the best approaches and capacity building for smallholder farmers.

The i2Flex Transformation of a Commemorative Event to a Service-Learning Experience

The American Community Schools (ACS) Athens Middle School was able to transform a one-day commemorative event known as United Nations Day into long-term service-learning using i2Flex principles and methodologies. The i2Flex blended learning component enabled teachers and students to overcome time limitations and empowered students to take ownership of their service. Utilizing i2Flex strategies can prove meaningful for long term student character development, innovation, and critical thinking skills required in the 21st century. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs or Global Goals) guided the development of the Moodle course shell and a lasting service-learning experience for middle school students. The authors also discuss how the transformation of United Nations Day into authentic service-learning shaped an advisory program in the middle school and what implications it can further have in a school setting.