Introligatorstwo warszawskie w przededniu II wojny światowej

In liberated Poland, new craft law reduce privilege of traditional guild to conduct licensure exam. Despite, effects of Great Depresion took a toll on Poland, the number of bookbinding workshops was high. In the end of decade it was about 300, and the number of workers higher than 1000. Even bookbinders made their traditional works, such as handbookbindings and fancy goods, they made publishing bindings much more often, up to 10% of all their works.

Assessing Engagement During the Online Assessment of Real-World Skills

The assessment of real-world skills will often require complex and innovative types of computer-based test items to provide more authentic assessment. Having information about how students remain engaged with the various innovative elements during an assessment is useful in both assessing the utility of different types of innovative test items and assessing the validity of the inferences made about the test scores of individual students. This chapter introduces the Item Engagement Index (IEI) and the Student Engagement Index (SEI) and demonstrates their use with a variety of innovative items that were pilot tested for a nursing licensure exam. The IEI provided useful information about the amount of student effort each innovative item received, while the SEI was found useful in identifying disengaged test takers.

National Licensure Exam for Brazilian Nurses: why and for whom?

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze critically the reasons for regulating a National Licensure Exam for Brazilian Nurses (NLEXB-N). Method: Qualitative study with secondary source applying the critical discourse analysis to situate context and intertextuality in the establishment of a new social practice. We analyzed data from legal documents regulating the National Licensure Exam of other professions in Brazil, the Educational Census, the Survey of Brazilian Nursing Profile and global nursing literature. Results: Four themes were explored: Brazilian experiences with this exam; nursing experiences in other countries; effects of the exam on the examinees; NLEXB-N in Brazil: what purposes could we present? Final considerations: The National Licensure Exam for Brazilian Nurses is a measure of individual accountability that increases social injustice, inequality and inequity. We must pay attention to the consequences of its application, based on evidences produced in the area.

Assessing Engagement during the Online Assessment of Real-World Skills

The assessment of real-world skills will often require complex and innovative types of computer-based test items to provide more authentic assessment. Having information about how students remain engaged with the various innovative elements during an assessment is useful in both assessing the utility of different types of innovative test items and assessing the validity of the inferences made about the test scores of individual students. This chapter introduces the Item Engagement Index (IEI) and the Student Engagement Index (SEI) and demonstrates their use with a variety of innovative items that were pilot tested for a nursing licensure exam. The IEI provided useful information about the amount of student effort each innovative item received, while the SEI was found useful in identifying disengaged test takers.