The Impacts of Tourism on Cultural Identity on Lisbon Historic Neighbourhoods

In the past last decades tourism was long perceived as a solution to remediate to economic crisis and recessions, while the impacts were secondary and weren’t qualified. Focusing of the consequences of tourism development, the identities of historic urban areas were constantly been neglected as essential features and symbols of their attractiveness. However, long before tourism, modifications of cities spatial structures and social geography were conducted by governments as strategies to repopulate certain urban areas abandoned for historical or economic reasons. For instance, through gentrification, urban rehabilitation or revitalisation, the urban structures became more appealing and attracted investments that strengthen local economies. Nevertheless, these transformations have dismantled cultural patterns and were amplified by touristification. This investigation deals with gentrification and urban rehabilitation as precursors of tourism growth and how it influences a neighbourhood’s cultural identity. Using a historic touristic destination as an example gave leverage to the understanding of the repercussions. Lisbon historic neighbourhoods; Alfama, Mouraria and Bairro Alto, influenced our understanding with the active participation of the residents as co-contributors of this research. Findings confronted our pre-existing understandings on tourism growth to the impacts generated on cultural identity.

Las "Comunidades energéticas locales": un nuevo desafío para las entidades locales

LABURPENA: Artikulu honek “energia berriztagarrien erkidegoak” eta “energiaren herritarren erkidegoak” kontzeptu berritzaileak aztertzen ditu, iturri berriztagarrietatik sortutako energiaren erabilera sustatzeari buruzko 2018/2001 Zuzentarauan eta elektrizitatearen barne-merkatuko arau komunei buruzko 2019/944 Zuzentarauan jasotzen direnak, hurrenez hurren. Gure helburua erakunde juridiko horien izaera juridikoa zehaztea da, horietan tokiko erakunde batek parte hartzen duelako premisa aintzat hartuta; aldi berean, gara ditzaketen jardueren araubide juridikoa argitu nahi dugu. Azkenik, hiri-birgaitzearen eta -berrikuntzaren arloan esku har dezaten proposatzen dugu. Azken batean, lege ferenda proposamen-azterlan bat da, barne-mailako arau-esparrurik ez duten baina Espainiak etorkizun hurbilean onartu behar dituen erakundeei buruzkoa. ABSTRACT: This article analyzes the new concepts of "renewable energy communities" and "citizen energy communities" that are included in the Directives 2018/2001 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources, and 2019/944 on common rules for the internal market for electricity, respectively. Our objective is to determine the legal nature of these legal entities, based on the premise that a local entity participates in them; and at the same time, to clarify the legal regime of the activities that they may undertake. Finally, we put forward their intervention in the field of urban rehabilitation and renovation. In short, it is a propositional study of lege ferenda on entities that lack a regulatory framework at the domestic level, but which Spain has to adopt in the immediate future. RESUMEN: Este artículo analiza los novedosos conceptos de “comunidades de energías renovables” y de “comunidades ciudadanas de energía” que se recogen en las Directivas 2018/2001 sobre fomento del uso de la energía procedente de fuentes renovables, y 2019/944 sobre normas comunes del mercado interior de la electricidad, respectivamente. Nuestro objetivo es determinar la naturaleza jurídica de estas entidades jurídicas, partiendo de la premisa de que en las mismas participe un ente local; y a la vez, clarificar el régimen jurídico de las actividades que pueden desarrollar. Por último, proponemos su intervención en el ámbito de la rehabilitación y renovación urbanas. En definitiva, se trata de un estudio propositivo de lege ferenda sobre unas entidades que carecen de marco normativo a nivel interno, pero que España debe aprobar en un futuro inmediato.

Turning a “Socialist” Policy into a “Capitalist” One: Urban Rehabilitation in Hungary during the Long Transformation of 1989

The article describes the history of the policy of “urban rehabilitation” in Hungary from its introduction in the 1970s until the 1990s. The main focus is on the dialectic of how different capitalist crises open new intellectual and institutional spaces for new policy ideas and practices, and how certain professional groups navigate within these spaces while they are paving the way for the next round of crises. In the first section, the history of urban rehabilitation policies in Hungary is introduced from the 1970s until the 1990s; then in the second section, it is shown how this history is shaped by political–economic crises and structural changes. Finally, some aspects of expert brokerage are highlighted to propose a new methodology of historically analyzing policy changes.

Lisbon Historic Quarters

This chapter contributes to the emergent debate about sustainable tourism versus overtourism, in the context of urban development. The study underlines, on one hand, the growing importance of tourism in the historic quarters of Lisbon, and on the other hand the rise of overtourism and its effects on residents' quality of life. Consequently, there is the analysis and debate regarding the policies responses of the Lisbon Council in the framework of an integrated urban rehabilitation in Lisbon's historic quarters and the Lisbon Council Strategy.

Os Cachimbos dos Séculos XVII e XVIII do Palácio Mesquitela e Convento dos Inglesinhos (Lisboa)

Era-Arqueologia excavated in 2004 and 2009 two significant buildings in Bairro Alto quarter in Lisbon, due to urban rehabilitation projects. With approximate 17th century chronologies, they display very distinctive socioeconomic profiles: one, St. Peter’s and St. Paul’s Honourable Pontifical College (commonly known as the “Little English Convent”), and was devoted to catholic teaching to the British community living in Lisbon during Early Modern Age; the other, a noble mansion belonging to Mesquitela Earls. Despite archaeological limitations of contextual data, they display some contrast between the religious context and the noble one, allowing some archaeological inference on social significance of pipe presence in Early Modern Age contexts from Lisbon.