RESSIGNIFICANDO O HEROÍSMO ÉPICO CLÁSSICO: SOLANO TRINDADE EM "CANTO DOS PALMARES"

This work starts from the analysis of Solano Trindade’s "Canto dos Palmares". We seek to highlight, through the theorization of Anazildo Vasconcelos da Silva (2017), how the poet intertwines a hybrid repertoire of Afro-Brazilian references without losing the dialogue with classical epic poetry. We see that the construction of the heroism of Zumbidos Palmares forges a new epic subject, structured by the real, mythical dimension, and diluted in national identity. The collective struggle of black population is associated with “quilombismo", formulated by Abdias Nascimento (2019), and Brazilian, epic of nineteenth century, whose base maintains a close relationship with bandeirismo in the Parnasiana epic. Thus, the rereading of the national formation rests on the dedication of love to life and in defense of freedom.

THE CONTEMPORARY RELEVANCE OF FLORESTAN FERNANDES

The article proposes to rethink the work of Florestan Fernandes at the intersection of the texts on ‘national formation,’ certain analytic references originating from the sociology of culture, and studies of Brazilian social thought. From this perspective, it emphasizes the cultural dimensions of the author’s sociological output, based on his analysis of the constitution of modern values in peripheral societies like Brazil’s. Finally it revisits his contribution through the filter of the crisis of contemporary Brazil, seeking to elucidate questions intrinsic to our own era.

Crossing the Atlantic to Meet the Nation: The Emigration Ship in Mignonette’s Songs and Crialese’s Nuovomondo

The topic of voyages is explored in this first chapter through visual and oral materials in which the emigrants’ regional affiliations espouse an in-progress national formation project during trans-national travels toward “America,” at once a real and imaginary place. Songs made popular by the Queen of the Emigrants, the diva-singer Gilda Mignonette who mixed a traditional Neapolitan repertoire with dramatic songs on emigration and colonial anthems, are read next to Emanuele Crialese’s film Nuovomondo (Golden Door 2006), which foregrounds the role of the ship for the leaving, traveling, and arriving migrants at the turn of the century. In these texts, the pre-occupied space under discussion is the ship, a floating social microcosm in which national fractures and international dreams co-exist on a simultaneously dividing and uniting ocean. The preoccupation over the condition of the emigrants that the ship hosts prompts different reactions in these authors, in turn defining different perceptions and figurations of emigration and consequently a different map of the Italian nation’s formation.

The last Byzantines: perceptions of identity, culture, and heritage in Serbia

Focusing on material culture, this article considers a range of issues concerning the cultural policies, ideologies, and identities that have underlain Serbian development since the Middle Ages, and tests some widely held yet previously uncontested views. In particular it questions the Serbs' perceived affiliation with the Byzantine Empire and challenges the view that this affiliation was so pervasive that it influenced Serbian development and national formation in the modern age. It is argued that Byzantium had little if any role in the Serbs' cultural development - neither in historical memories nor in surviving traditions. Serbia's Byzantine culture is largely a myth developed in the 1930s by the Serbian clergy as a corollary of the Russian-inspired Svetosavlje ideology. This myth was meant to dislocate Serbia's cultural identity from its secular European sources and reposition it closer to Orthodox Russia.

What the New Southern Studies Does Now

For fifteen years, the New Southern Studies (NSS) has been doing battle on two very different fronts. To Americanists, we have tried to talk about what Houston Baker and Dana Nelson, in the essay that named the movement, called “the national formation of the United States and the dynamics of race, region, and citizenship entailed by, as it were, a putatively split and decidedly Manichean geography”; to southernists, we have talked about the need to get beyond what the same pair of writers called “our familiar notions of Good (or desperately bad) Old Southern White Men telling stories on the porch, protecting white women, and being friends to the Negro.” Although in both struggles we keep bumping up against putatively objective scholars’ unacknowledged and deeply self-serving fantasies about who “we” are (whether as “Americans” or “southerners,” “radical” Americanists or Atticus Finch-y liberal white southernists), the former arguments – as Baker and Nelson's diction suggests – have tended to be more abstract, theoretical, ambitious, interesting, and smart; the latter, in contrast, have always felt like a rearguard action.

Paradoxos da cidadania à brasileira: sociologia histórica do Campo jurídico no Brasil * Paradoxes of brazilian citizenship: historical sociology of the juridical Field in Brazil

<p class="Default"><strong>Resumo: </strong>Partindo da perspectiva analítica da sociologia histórica, este ensaio tem como objetivo demonstrar que a cidadania no Brasil, cingida pela desigualdade, tem um sentido peculiar e paradoxal. Daí, o designativo “à brasileira”. Forjado nos alvores da formação nacional, esse aspecto contraditório permanece incólume no âmbito do campo jurídico no Brasil, mesmo diante das transformações sociais, políticas e econômicas experimentadas pela sociedade brasileira no transcurso de sua história. Este ensaio procura reconstituir a configuração do <em>estatuto da desigualdade civil </em>no Brasil Colonial analisando o código legal coevo e as práticas nas arenas jurídicas para demonstrar que, em função de sua recorrência estrutural até os dias de hoje, é um traço perene da <em>cidadania à brasileira</em>.</p><p class="Default"><strong>Palavras-chave</strong>: cidadania brasileira; desigualdade civil; justiça no Brasil.</p><p class="Default"><strong><br /></strong></p><p class="Default"><strong>Abstract: </strong>Starting from the analytical perspective of the historical sociology, this paper aims to demonstrate that citizenship in Brazil, girt by inequality, has a peculiar and paradoxical sense. Forged at the dawn of national formation, this contradictory aspect remains unscathed within the juridical field in Brazil, despite the social, political and economic transformations experienced by Brazilian society in the course of its history. This essay seeks to reconstruct the configuration of the <em>civil inequality statute </em>in Brazil by analyzing the legal code and the practices in the legal arenas in the sixteenth-century and early seventeenth-century to demonstrate that, due to its structural recurrence up to the present day, is a perennial feature of the Brazilian citizenship.</p><p class="Default"><strong>Keywords</strong>: Brazilian citizenship; civil inequality; Brazilian justice.</p>