A Fast Genetic Algorithm for Solving University Scheduling Problem

University course timetabling is a NP-hard problem which is very difficult to solve by conventional methods, we know scheduling problem is one of the Nondeterministic Polynomial (NP) problems. This means, solving NP problems through normal algorithm is a time-consuming process (it takes days or months with available equipment) which makes it impossible to be solved through a normal algorithm like this. In purposed algorithm the problem of university class scheduling is solved through a new chromosome structure and modifying the normal genetic methods which really improves the solution in this case. We include lecturer, class and course information in presented algorithm, with all their Constraints, and it creates optimized scheduling table for weekly program of university after creating primary population of chromosomes and running genetic operators. In the final part of this paper we conclude from the results of input data analysis that the results have high efficiency compared with other algorithms considering maximum Constraints.

An Improved Back-Propagation Algorithm for Fuzzy Modeling

Fuzzy modeling is discussed in many literatures and there are numerous algorithms are proposed. Back-propagation algorithm is an efficient algorithm for fuzzy modeling and many papers proposed the usage of such method. But there exists potential risk of dead zone, abrupt inference surface and decreasing sensitivity for normal back-propagation algorithm in fuzzy modeling. This paper analysis the potential problems of normal algorithm and suggest a reformative back-propagation algorithm for fuzzy modeling. A complete algorithm is presented in the paper and some simulate result is discussed

Morphology of twinned diamond particles

Morphology of twinned diamond particles grown by chemical vapor deposition was characterized by atomic force microscopy in both contact and tapping modes. Quantitative angle measurements using a surface normal algorithm were performed on untwinned crystals, penetration twins, re-entrant corners, and fivefold dimples. Tip-sample interaction is discussed. The morphology of the penetration twins and some of the re-entrant corners can be explained by low order Σ3 twins and flat crystallographic surfaces. Abnormally shallow re-entrants with large vicinal faces are attributed to rapid nucleation of new layers at a point along the re-entrant intersection.