Non-invasive assessment of heterogeneity of gliomas using diffusion and perfusion MRI: correlation with spatially co-registered PET

Background Heterogeneity of gliomas challenges the neuronavigated biopsy and oncological therapy. Diffusion and perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can reveal the cellular and hemodynamic heterogeneity of tumors. Integrated positron emission tomography (PET)/MRI is expected to be a non-invasive imaging approach to characterizing glioma. Purpose To evaluate the value of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), cerebral blood volume (CBV), and spatially co-registered maximal standard uptake value (SUVmax) for tissue characterization and glioma grading. Material and Methods Thirty-seven consecutive patients with pathologically confirmed gliomas were retrospectively investigated. The relative minimum ADC (rADCmin), relative maximal ADC (rADCmax), relative maximal rCBV (rCBVmax), the relative minimum rCBV (rCBVmin), and the corresponding relative SUVmax (rSUVmax) were measured. The paired t-test was used to compare the quantitative parameters between different regions to clarify tumor heterogeneity. Imaging parameters between WHO grade IV and grade II/III gliomas were compared by t-test. The diagnostic efficiency of multiparametric PET/MRI was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results The values of rSUVmax were significantly different between maximal diffusion/perfusion area and minimum diffusion/perfusion area ( P < 0.001/ P < 0.001) within tumor. The values of rADCmin ( P < 0.001), rCBVmax ( P = 0.002), and corresponding rSUVmax ( P = 0.001/ P < 0.001) could be used for grading gliomas. The areas under the ROC curves of rSUVmax defined by rADCmin and rCBVmax were 0.89 and 0.91, respectively. Conclusion Diffusion and perfusion MRI can detect glioma heterogeneity with excellent molecular imaging correlations. Regions with rCBVmax suggest tissues with the highest metabolism and malignancy for guiding glioma grading and tissue sampling.

A comparison between Suzuki invariant code and one-point Hermitian code

In this paper we compare the performance of two algebraic geometry codes (Suzuki and Hermitian codes) constructed using maximal algebraic curves over [Formula: see text] with large automorphism groups by choosing specific divisors. We discuss their parameters, compare the rate of these codes as well as their relative minimum distances, and we show that both codes are asymptotically good in terms of the rate which is in contrast to their behavior in terms of the relative minimum distance.

Planar nitrogen compared to planar carbon in a series of compounds: the effect of replacing with nitrogen the potentially planar tetracoordinate carbon of a series of polycyclic alkanes

Previous work by Radom and Rasmussen had been extended by the author (2019, Can. J. Chem.) to identify a smaller (C17H16 cf. C23H24) polycyclic alkane with a potentially planar tetracoordinate “central” carbon. Here the series of alkanes in that latter study were computationally modified by replacing the central carbon with isoelectronic nitrogen, N+. A series of six ammonium ions was found by ab initio calculations to potentially all, with one exception, harbour a planar tetracoordinate nitrogen in a potential energy relative minimum, at the MP2/6-31G* and MP2/(large basis) levels, as indicated by the absence of an imaginary vibrational frequency. This is in contrast to the hydrocarbons, where only two such structures were indicated to be relative minima. Key words: planar tetracoordinate carbon, planar tetracoordinate nitrogen, ab initio calculations.

Sufficient relative minimum conditions for discrete-continuous control systems

In this paper, we derive sufficient relative minimum conditions for discrete-continuous control systems on the base of Krotov’s sufficient optimality conditions counterpart. These conditions can be used as verification conditions for suggested control mode and enable one to construct new numerical methods.

Sufficient relative minimum conditions for discrete-continuous control systems

На основе аналога достаточных условий оптимальности Кротова выводятся достаточные условия относительного минимума для дискретно-непрерывных систем (ДНС). Эти условия могут быть использованы как проверочные для предлагаемого режима управления, так и для построения численных методов.

Histological basis of resistance in Linseed against bud fly (Dasyneura lini Barnes) in Central Uttar Pradesh

A field experiment conducted for screened 288 germplasm of linseed against bud fly infestation at Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh during rabi season to study the historical basis of resistance of linseed against bud fly. The results indicated that the sepal thickness negative highly significant relationship (r=--0.7224) with bud infestation. The resistant germplasm line maximum sepal thickness (0.49 mm) had relative minimum bud infestation (6.88%) and was statically at par other resistant germplasm lines viz. A-95B, CI-1385, EC-1392, EC-1424, GS-234, IC-15888 and JRF-5. While minimum sepal thickness (0.24 mm) with maximum bud infestation (65.11%) which was statically at par with other susceptible lines viz. Ajgan-3-1, Ajgan-20M, Alipur (Hamirpur), Anand, GS-148, GS-440, Gunawal Local, NP (RR) 193, RAULD-7810, RLC-28 (PM), MS-14, SJKO-2, SJKO-45. The genotypes with minimum thickness of sepal suffered maximum bud infestation as compared to those with maximum sepal thickness.

Bud structure of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) in relation to incidence of bud fly (Dasyneura lini Barnes) in Central Uttar Pradesh

A field experiment conducted for screened 288 elite gen pool of linseed against bud fly infestation at Kanpur, India during rabi 2012-13 to study the bud structure of resistance of linseed against bud fly. The results indicated that the bud length and width showed significant positive correlation coefficient relationship (r=0.1559 and 0.0761) bud infestation. The resistant germplasm line minimum (GS-234) minimum bud length and width (7.93 ×3.26 mm) had relative minimum bud infestation (6.88%) and was statically at par other resistant germplasm lines viz. A-95B, CI-1385, EC-1392, EC-1424, GS-234, IC-15888 and JRF-5. While susceptible germplasm line (Arny) exhibited maximum bud length and width (8.25 ×3. 23 mm) maximum bud infestation(65.11%) which was statically at par with other susceptible lines viz. Ajgan-3-1, Ajgan-20M, Alipur (Hamirpur), Anand, GS-148, GS-440, Gunawal Local, NP(RR)193, RAULD-7810, RLC-28(PM), MS-14, SJKO-2, SJKO-45.