Impacto de um Programa de Apoio à Prescrição de Antibióticos na Prescrição de Carbapenemos e Quinolonas

Introdução: O Programa de Apoio à Prescrição de Antibióticos (PAPA) foi implementado no nosso hospital no segundo semestre de 2017. Um dos objectivos estabelecidos foi a redução do consumo de carbapenemos e quinolonas. Este estudo pretende avaliar a evolução do consumo destes fármacos durante os dois anos após a implementação do programa. Métodos: Foram analisadas as prescrições de carbapenemos e quinolonas nos doentes internados entre 1 de Julho de 2017 e 30 de Junho de 2019. O clínico responsável reviu cada prescrição, intervindo se necessário junto do médico prescritor. Os consumos foram calculados segundo a definição do Nordic Council (segundo a actualização de 2018) para as doses diárias definidas. Resultados: No primeiro ano foram identificadas 234 (35,0%) prescrições não-conformes. Foram dadas recomendações em 108 situações, com 83,3% aceites. Houve redução em 18,0% e 8,6% no consumo de quinolonas e carbapenemos, respectivamente, em relação ao ano prévio. No segundo ano foram identificadas 284 (34,5%) prescrições não-conformes. Foram dadas recomendações em 215 situações, com 94,0% aceites. Houve redução em 55,7% e 10,3% no consumo de quinolonas e carbapenemos, respectivamente. Discussão: Ao longo deste período verificou-se uma redução do consumo de quinolonas e carbapenemos e um aumento da adesão às recomendações do PAPA, reflectindo uma melhoria da educação na prescrição. Isto favorece uma utilização mais adequada de antibióticos, com menor propensão ao desenvolvimento de resistências. Conclusão: No nosso hospital, o PAPA tem levado a uma diminuição na utilização de carbapenemos e quinolonas, com boa aceitação das recomendações pelos médicos prescritores.

TG2 Innovative and Resilient Regions : Roadshow report

This document reports on the Nordic TG2 Roadshow, which was commissioned by the Nordic Thematic Group for Innovative and Resilient Regions. The Nordic Thematic Group for Innovative and Resilient Regions 2017–2020 (TG2) was established by the Nordic Council of Ministers as a part of the Nordic Co-operation Programme for Regional Development and Planning 2017–2020. The TG2 group was organised under the Nordic Council of Ministers’ Committee of Civil Servants for Regional Affairs, and Nordregio has acted as Secretariat for the thematic groups.

The Nordic Thematic Group for Innovative and Resilient Regions 2017–2020 - final report

The Nordic thematic group for innovative and resilient regions 2017–2020 (TG2) was established by the Nordic Council of Ministers and is a part of the Nordic Co-operation Programme for Regional Development and Planning 2017–2020. Three Nordicthematic groups were established for the four-year period: Innovative and resilient regions, Sustainable rural development, and Sustainable cities and urban development. The thematic groups have been organised under the Nordic Council of Ministers’ Committee of Civil Servants for Regional Affairs, and Nordregio has acted as the secretariat for the thematic groups. This report summarises the work and results of the Nordic thematic group for innovative and resilient regions (TG2) in 2017–2020. The thematic group has not only produced high-quality research on innovative and resilient regions in the Nordic countries but also contributed to public policy with the latest knowledge on the creation and development of innovative and resilient regions across the nordic countries, with focus on smart specialisation, digitalisation, regional resilience, and skills policies. TG2 has also contributed to research on innovative and resilient regions in the Nordic cross-border context.

The Nordic Council of Ministers: Aspirations for More Political Relevance

Due to changing circumstances and new challenges, the Nordic Council of Ministers underwent an incremental process of change and some modest transformation since the 1990s. However, there has never been a major overhaul of structures and contents owing to considerable inertia. The most recent modernisation process, aiming at more political relevance and flexibility, has been ambitious but whether it has been a success remains unclear thus far. Weaknesses and limits in cooperation in the Nordic Council of Ministers are obvious, i.e., no majority voting or ‘opting-out’ system, a lack in supra-national structures and policies and no common immigration, foreign, security and EU policies. Nonetheless, the organisation has at least some relevance and meaning for the Nordic countries and the potential to promote and facilitate cooperation in policy areas in which common interests exist, such as environment, climate, research and social affairs. Therefore, rather than constituting a common political order of its own, Nordic cooperation, as it is conducted within the Nordic Council of Ministers, is best characterized by differentiated integration, promoting full integration only to a limited extent but respecting integration to different extents and speeds by fostering cooperation and coordination of certain policies where possible and desired.

The Nordic Snow Network (NordSnowNet): Arctic research and snow data from observations and models

<p>Snow cover is an essential climate variable directly affecting the earth energy balance. Proper description and assimilation of snow cover information into hydrological, land surface, meteorological and climate models are critical to address the impact of snow on various phenomena, to predict local snow water resources and to warn about snow-related natural hazards. This induces a challenging problem of bridging information from micro-structural scales of the snowpack up to the grid resolution in models. </p><p>These questions are included in the actions of the Nordic Snow Network, NordSnowNet, http://nordsnownet.fmi.fi/, a recent project launched in 2019 under the Nordic Arctic Co-operation Programme of the Nordic Council of Ministers, which is administered by Nordregio and contributes to enhancing knowledge about the Arctic region (https://nordregioprojects.org/arctic-programme/nordic-snow-network-nordsnownet/). The point of view of the network will be focused on snow in Nordic and related Arctic areas: making existing Nordic-Arctic research and snow data from observations and models (forecasts and assimilated observations by weather and hydrology models, projections by the climate models) visible for the researcher, data user and education communities. It supports snow-related research and development of applications by the exchange of information and data, arranging workshops, training and supporting also informal Nordic researcher contacts and meetings. For example, citizen observations will be collected on color snow and ice, to estimate the appearance of dirty snow due to deposition of atmospheric aerosols and algae existing on snow and ice, in co-operation with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Finland’s project IBA-FIN-BCDUST (2019-2020, PI Meinander FMI, https://en.ilmatieteenlaitos.fi/iba-project). The color of snow and ice has effect on the snow and ice albedo, which in turn influences snow and ice melt.</p><p>The project is managed by the Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI) by Ali Nadir Arslan, and the steering committee with representatives from each partner country, including Finland (Outi Meinander, FMI), Denmark (Kristian Pagh Nielsen, Danish Meteorological Institute), Estonia (Marko Kaasik, University of Tartu), Greenland (Kirsty Langley, Asiaq Greenland), Iceland (Pavla Dagsson-Waldhauserova, Agricultural Institute of Iceland), Sweden (Patrick Samuelsson, Swedish Meteorological Institute), and Norway (Mariken Homleid, Norwegian Meteorological Institute). The partners are Nordic meteorological institutes and collaborative universities and research institutes. The first field work activity will be in the Arctic Space Centre in Sodankylä, Finland, in early April 2020. The network is open and welcomes collaborators to join by contacting the corresponding country representative.</p><p>We gratefully acknowledge the Nordic Council of Ministers Arctic Co-operation Programme and Nordregio for their support to the NordSnowNet.</p>