Al-Farabi Perspective Religion and Practical Ratio (in the study "Frank E Renolds and David Tracy Religion and Practical Reason" Paul Walker) dalam Buku Internasional Proceeding of Internasional Conference in Interdisiplinery Islamic Studies, Social Science and Humanity (ICIIS-ICIIS-SSH)

The figure of the second leading philosopher after Aristotle among Muslim philosophers, namely Abu Nasr al-Farabi who was born around the 10th century (w. 950 AD) who wanted to try to integrate the thoughts of two early Greek philosophers Plato and Aristotle about theoretical ratios (Platonic) and practical ratios (Aristotle). Known as al-Farabi is the most prominent founder of religious philosophy, because his achievements in mastering the fields of philosophy exceeded previous figures in the Arab world. Besides mastering several fields of philosophy with ease, he also mastered and appreciated religion. His students included Ibn Rusydi, Ibn Tufayl, Ibn Sina, and Maimondes.AlFarabi agrees with the division of Aristotle's ratios on theoretical ratios and practical ratios. However, in this case al-Farabi adds the term 'practical ratio application' and divides the theoretical ratio into two, namely 'demonstrative science' and 'discursive science'. Al-Farabi not only faced massive cultural pressures that were not merely Islamic, but also a series of religions and Prophets who had been responsible for their respective times. Therefore, in understanding his political philosophy al-Farabi included the important role of the Prophets, both the Prophet of his time [Muhammad SAW] or previous prophets

Opposition-Based Memetic Algorithm and Hybrid Approach for Sorting Permutations by Reversals

Sorting unsigned permutations by reversals is a difficult problem; indeed, it was proved to be [Formula: see text]-hard by Caprara ( 1997 ). Because of its high complexity, many approximation algorithms to compute the minimal reversal distance were proposed until reaching the nowadays best-known theoretical ratio of 1.375. In this article, two memetic algorithms to compute the reversal distance are proposed. The first one uses the technique of opposition-based learning leading to an opposition-based memetic algorithm; the second one improves the previous algorithm by applying the heuristic of two breakpoint elimination leading to a hybrid approach. Several experiments were performed with one-hundred randomly generated permutations, single benchmark permutations, and biological permutations. Results of the experiments showed that the proposed OBMA and Hybrid-OBMA algorithms achieve the best results for practical cases, that is, for permutations of length up to 120. Also, Hybrid-OBMA showed to improve the results of OBMA for permutations greater than or equal to 60. The applicability of our proposed algorithms was checked processing permutations based on biological data, in which case OBMA gave the best average results for all instances.

Efficient utilization of photogenerated electrons and holes for photocatalytic selective organic syntheses in one reaction system using a narrow band gap CdS photocatalyst

Selective syntheses of aromatic aldehydes and anilines were realized in one coupled system under mild reaction conditions and their yields can be successfully achieved at the theoretical ratio.

Development of Calibration Device for the Belt Weigher Based on the Material Superimposed Technology

Great accuracy is required in the settlement process of coal trade. In order to improve the accuracy of coal measurement, a set of online belt weigher calibration device based on the method of material superimposed has been developed. The mechanical structure of the whole device is well designed realizing material circulation conveying. At the same time the software and hardware of calibration system are fully designed.Finally the experimental results indicate that the uncertainty of the calibration device for belt weigher is within 2% and the minimum theoretical ratio of belt material superimposed is about 42% which attains the error requirement of grade 0.5.

Physical Parameter Determination for the δ Scuti Star HD 200925

HD 200925 is an unusual star: the period is stable on a time scale of many years, yet it shows variations which are either large and irregular, or small, suggesting a possible Blazhko effect (Poretti 1984; Joner & Johnson 1985); it has larger values of Teff and log g derived from uvbyβ than those of dwarf Cepheids of similar period; and it has a somewhat higher metal abundance, [Fe/H], than the Hyades. Furthermore, in conflict to what Joner and McNamara (1983) determined – that m1 index shows no variation with temperature – HD 200925 shows a definite variation, unlike that predicted in Crawford (1979). No explanation of this has yet been found. Johnson & Joner (1986) also derived an unusual and unexpected value of [Fe/H]. Finally, with respect to the pulsation periods of this star, Mantegazza & Poretti (1986) determined the existence of two periods: one definite, 0.26730 d and a possible second one of 0.2138 d which yield a ratio of P2/P1 = 0.800, the theoretical ratio expected between the first and the second overtones, found in other pulsating variables. All of these facts make HD 200925 an interesting star, motivating the present study.

AN ISOSPIN ANALYSIS OF NONFACTORIZABLE CONTRIBUTIONS TO HADRONIC DECAYS OF BOTTOM MESONS

We investigate nonfactorizable contributions to [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] decay modes. Obtaining the factorizable contributions from spectator-quark diagrams for N c =3, we determine nonfactorizable isospin amplitudes required to explain the data for these modes. We observe that theoretical ratio of these amplitudes seem to follow a universal value for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] decay modes. We predict the branching ratios for these decay modes.

An Evaluation of the Ratio between the Tensions along the Quadriceps Tendon and the Patellar Ligament

An experiment was devised whereby physiological loads could be applied to the quadriceps tendon of cadaveric knee joints so that the ratio of tensions in the quadriceps tendon and the patellar ligament could be determined. On two knee joints, radiographs were taken before testing, so that the theoretical ratio of the tensions could be evaluated and compared with the experimental results. As the knee was flexed, the ratio of the tensions, frequently assumed to be unity, reduced by up to fifty per cent.

ARSENICAL SPRAY RESIDUES ON APPLES AND IN SOME APPLE PRODUCTS

Fruit size at time of spraying, number of sprays, and use of fungicides were important factors influencing the amount of arsenic residues on mature apples. In general, when lead arsenate was applied alone, the greater the arsenic residue on fresh fruit, the greater the residue in expressed juice, in the pomace, and in the concentrate prepared from the juice. Arsenic levels in juice, concentrate, and pomace prepared from skins and cores were very much greater than when these products were prepared from whole fruit. Lead to arsenic ratios in the residues were appreciably higher than the theoretical ratio of 2.77:1 in lead arsenate.