Environmental Amelioration Through Nutrient Calibration: Maximizing Carbon Sequestration in Hydroponic Greenhouse Production of Lactuca Sativa in Lahore’s Spring

This study explores the applicability of internationally prescribed nutrient recipes to greenhouse hydroponic production in Lahore. Lactuca sativa was hydroponically grown at different nutrient concentrations to uncover optimum nutrition for maximum foliage cover. Conclusions were based on visual analysis of foliage cover, as laboratory analysis of trial plants was beyond the scope of this environmental study. Nutrient levels that displayed the best foliage cover in Lahore-based greenhouse during spring weather were different from concentrations kept in US- or Europe-based hydroponic greenhouses. Plant trials conducted for this article explain the adjustments that must be made to hydroponic recipes discussed in international literature; if they are to be used in polyhouse hydroponic production in Lahore’s warmer climate.

Understanding Nutrition and Metabolism of Threatened, Data-Poor Rheophilic Fishes in Context of Riverine Stocking Success-Barbel as a Model for Major European Drainages?

Large-bodied, river-migrating, rheophilic fishes (cyprinids) such as barbel Barbus barbus, nase Chondrostoma nasus, asp Leuciscus aspius, and vimba bream Vimba vimba are threatened in major European drainages. This represents the subject of our present study. Their hatchery nutrition prior to river-release is mostly on a hit-and-trial or carp-based diet basis. The study demonstrates an alternative approach to decide optimum nutrition for these conservation-priority and nutritionally data-poor fishes. The study revealed barbel as a central representative species in terms of wild body composition among other native rheophilic cyprinids considered (asp, nase, vimba bream). Taking barbel as a model, the study shows that barbel or rheophilic cyprinids may have carnivorous-like metabolism and higher requirements of S-containing, aromatic, branched-chain amino acids (AAs) than carps. Besides, there are important interactions of AAs and fatty acids (FAs) biosynthesis to consider. Only proper feeding of nutritionally well-selected diets may contribute to river stocking mandates such as steepest growth trajectory (≈less time in captivity), ideal size-at-release, body fitness (≈blend-in with wild conspecifics, predator refuge), better gastrointestinal condition, maximized body reserves of functional nutrients, and retention efficiencies (≈uncompromised physiology). Considering important physiological functions and how AA–FA interactions shape them, hatchery-raised fishes on casually chosen diets may have high chances of physiological, morphological, and behavioral deficits (≈low post-stocking survivability). Based on the observations, optimum nutrient requirements of juvenile (0+ to 1+ age) barbels are suggested. Future efforts may consider barbels as a nutrition model for conservation aquaculture of threatened and data poor rheophilic cyprinids of the region.

Effect of Phosphate and Bio Fertilizers (Trichoderma Harizanum) on The Vegetative and Flowering Growth of Clover Plant (Dianthus Caryophyllus)

Plants need an optimum nutrition range as well as a least necessary limit. Below this minimum level, plants start to present nutrient deficiency signs, so the experiment was conducted in a Plastic Greenhouse of the department of plant protection at the College of Agriculture, the University of Al-Anbar from 20/8/2020 to 20/6/2021 to know study the effect of the superphosphate fertilizer four levels (0,1.5,3 and, 4.5) gm/kg soil and Trichoderma harzianum with three levels (0, 5, and 10) gm/kg soil on growth of Clover Plant. Those variables were used, in addition to the interaction between them, to study the effects on the vegetation and flowering characteristics. The best results were obtained when using the at the treatment of Phosphate fertilizer P2O5 with 4.5 gm and biological fungus with 10 gm/kg soil. The result was leaf area was 12 cm2, Chlorophyll 87.18 mg/100gm damp weight, Anthocyanin 40.12 per g dry weight, flower diameter 9.58 cm, and the surface area of roots was 70.74 cm2.

ANALYSIS OF THE MODERN STATE OF SPORT NUTRITION DEVELOPMENT IN THE WORLD AND UKRAINE

Today, such a segment of the market as sports nutrition (SN) is dynamically developing due to the active growth of interest in sports among the population (the average annual growth of the global SN market in the next five years will be from 8.1% to 11.0%), which is why the analysis the current state of SN development in the world and Ukraine is a pressing issue. There are 62.2 million citizens in Europe today, including 1.2 million Ukrainians. Currently, the global SN market is actively developing and valued at more than $ 10 billion, and domestic at $ 90 million. US dollars. Currently, a pharmacy network of online stores "Med-magazin.ua" Your Health and Beauty "is being developed in Ukraine, which together with preventive products offers SN. In the assortment of the network the dependency is established: foreign brands predominate - Weider (USA / Germany, 14,8%), Kevin Levrone (Poland, 13,8%), Optimum Nutrition (USA, 7,6%). Unfortunately, only 10.0% of the analysed products are manufactured in Ukraine (Levobol, Fitness Factor). The majority of SN is dry powder mixtures (65%); the predominant weight of SN is 0.500 kg (18%); dominated by taste: vanilla (17%), chocolate and strawberries (12% each); by designation proteins (62%) and fat burners (19%) are preferred. Currently, many scientists are paying close attention to the problems of analysing the feasibility and physiological importance of using SN products in the diets of both athletes and consumers seeking to lead an active, energetic and healthy lifestyle, so that monitoring of SN status in the world and in different countries is a pressing issue today.

The establishment of breastfeeding in the small-for-gestational-age baby

Background Term babies born smaller than expected for a given gestation are at greater risk of short- and long-term health conditions. Breastmilk is the optimum nutrition for all babies and offers specific protection from the risks that follow from being born small for gestational age. Aim To explore breastfeeding outcomes for babies born with a birthweight below the 10th centile. Methods Data were collected on all women giving birth in one maternity unit in the north of England over a year. Method of feeding at three time points was compared between small-for-gestational-age and appropriately grown babies. Findings Small-for-gestational-age babies were significantly less likely to be breastfeeding at discharge from hospital and community services compared to larger babies. Conclusion This study suggests that small-for-gestational-age babies are disadvantaged in establishing breastfeeding.

Ovariohysterectomy: A Salvage Method in Welfare of Stray Cattle: A Clinical Case Report of Five Animals

With the hike of the human population in metro cities, problems of stray orphan cattle have also increased simultaneously. Such animals when feeding on roadside litter and plastic garbage, don’t gain optimum nutrition and because of that suffer from many diseases. In such animals when a reproductive problem arises, it remains untreated for a longer duration and as time elapsed certain reproductive conditions such as cervicovaginal prolapse could not be treated by ordinary methods due to fibrosis (Tyagi and Singh, 2002). Present communication documents successful management of long-standing cases of reproductive organ’s prolapse via per vaginum ovariohysterectomy in stray cattle.