Impact Of Lithology and Regional Climate Variability on Spring Characteristics Between Uttarkashi and Harsil, Garhwal Himalaya, India

Spring characteristics are dependent upon the nature of lithology and precipitation in the region. The area is divided into two zones based on their lithological characters, viz: lesser Himalayan zone and Central Crystalline Zone for the hydrogeological study. Forty-five springs and four hot springs under different lithological controls were studied to understand spring discharges' response to regional climate variability. Four types of springs, fracture jointrelated springs, colluvial springs, Karst and seepages, and contact springs identified, which emanates from two geohydrological zones with in the study area. Colluvial springs yield are higher in comparison to the fracture jointrelated springs. The study revealed that the regional climatic pattern and precipitation pattern has a direct impact on spring hydrology.

Determining Informational Entropy of KARST Spring Hydrology Based on Wavelet Transform

Wavelet transform by DB4 method can be applied to determine informational entropy of KARST spring hydrology conveniently. The complexity of KARST spring hydrology was described by entropy. Compared with the runoff of surface water, it concludes that KARST spring hydrology has higher complexity than the runoff of surface water.