Study and Identification of Factors Effective on Sustainability of Supply Chain in Industries of Iran by Applying Meta-Synthesis and Delphi Methods

In recent years, the importance of supply chains has been stressed, because only the concentration of the economic performance for optimizing the costs or capital return cannot ensure the development and sustainability of businesses. The management of sustainable supply chain has been created to emphasize on the importance of social and environmental concerns along with the economic factors in planning the supply chain. The present research aims to recognize and study the indexes effective on the supply chain sustainability; for this purpose, the qualitative and quantitative methods were applied. At first, the qualitative data were extracted by the use of the meta-synthesis method and then, the quantitative data were collected by using the connoisseurs’ opinions and Delphi method. In this research, the procedure of researches done during 15 years in case of supply chain sustainability was studied and 26 factors effective on this matter were recognized. The present research is novel in terms of identification of indexes and dimensions of a sustainable supply chain that, for the first time, the qualitative meta-synthesis and Delphi methods were applied. The results reveal that the efficiency of using the recourses, competitive advantage, product quality, product maintenance in life circle, profitability, market share and reduction of costs of economic group and also the social responsibilities of company, business transparency, and the beneficiaries’ coordination with the social group with very near scores have the most importance and effect on the sustainability. The costumers’ satisfaction, production flexibility, capital return speed, logistic optimization, and suppliers are of the economic group and the environmental management system, designing consistent with the environment are of the environmental group. Furthermore, respecting the rights and equality among the employees and public awareness are of the social group and ultimately, bounding to social disciplines and norms are of social group and the reduction of greenhouse gasses emission, wastes, and environmental standards were of the environmental group.

Identifikasi Keanekaragaman Tanaman di Pekarangan Perumahan terhadap Motivasi Kelompok Ibu-ibu Kader Lingkungan RW 09 Perumahan Joyogrand Kota Malang

ABSTRAK Masyarakat di RW 09 Perumahan Joyogrand memiliki kepedulian terhadap lingkungan, khususya kelompok lingkungan ibu-ibu PKK, selain itu khususya kelompok lingkungan ibu-ibu PKK. Kegiatan ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis tanaman dan mengetahui motivasi dan partisipasi masyarakat dalam pemeliharaan tanaman. Metode yang digunakan adalah observasi lapangan, yaitu terkait dengan jenis tanaman dan kerapatan tanaman, wawancara yang ditujukan kepada ketua RW, ketua RT dan ibu-ibu kader lingkungan, dan penyebaran kuisioner terkait dengan motivasi dan partisipasi. Hasil dari kegiatan ini antara lain, jenis tanaman yang ada di RW 09 sebagian besar adalah tanaman produktif seperti tanaman sayuran, buah dan tanaman toga, dan masyarakat RW 09 memiliki motovasi dan partisipasi yang tinggi dalam kelestarian lingkungannya. Kata kunci : jenis tanaman; motivasi; lingkungan ABSTRACTThe community in RW 09 Joyogrand Housing has a concern for the environment, especially the PKK environmental group, in addition to the PKK environment group. This activity has the aim to support plant species and study community motivation and participation in plant maintenance. The method used was field observations, which are related to crop types and crop yields, interviews aimed at RW heads, RT heads and Environmental cadres, and distributing questionnaires related to motivation and participation. The results of this activity include, among other types of plants in RW 09, most productive plants such as vegetables, fruit and toga plants, and the community of RW 09 has higher motivation and participation in environmental preservation.

Comparison of multivariate methods for studying the G×E interaction

The objective of this work was to evaluate three statistical multivariate methods for analyzing adaptability and environmental stratification simultaneously, using data from maize cultivars indicated for planting in the State of Paraná-Brazil. Under the FGGE and GGE methods, the genotypic effect adjusts the G×E interactions across environments, resulting in a high percentage of explanation associated with a smaller number of axes. Environmental stratification via the FGGE and GGE methods showed similar responses, while the AMMI method did not ensure grouping of environments. The adaptability analysis revealed low divergence patterns of the responses obtained through the three methods. Genotypes P30F35, P30F53, P30R50, P30K64 and AS 1570 showed high yields associated with general adaptability. The FGGE method allowed differences in yield responses in specific regions and the impact in locations belonging to the same environmental group (through rE) to be associated with the level of the simple portion of the G×E interaction