Vector Lattices Admitting a Positively Homogeneous Continuous Function Calculus

We characterize the Archimedean vector lattices that admit a positively homogeneous continuous function calculus by showing that the following two conditions are equivalent for each $n$-tuple $\boldsymbol{x} = (x_1,\ldots ,x_n)\in X^n$, where $X$ is an Archimedean vector lattice and $n\in{\mathbb{N}}$: • there is a vector lattice homomorphism $\Phi _{\boldsymbol{x}}\colon H_n\to X$ such that $$\begin{equation*}\Phi_{\boldsymbol{x}}(\pi_i^{(n)}) = x_i\qquad (i\in\{1,\ldots,n\}),\end{equation*}$$where $H_n$ denotes the vector lattice of positively homogeneous, continuous, real-valued functions defined on ${\mathbb{R}}^n$ and $\pi _i^{(n)}\colon{\mathbb{R}}^n\to{\mathbb{R}}$ is the $i^{\text{}}$th coordinate projection;• there is a positive element $e\in X$ such that $e\geqslant \lvert x_1\rvert \vee \cdots \vee \lvert x_n\rvert$ and the norm$$\begin{equation*}\lVert x\rVert_e = \inf\bigl\{ \lambda\in[0,\infty)\:\colon\:\lvert x\rvert{\leqslant}\lambda e\bigr\},\end{equation*}$$defined for each $x$ in the order ideal $I_e$ of $X$ generated by $e$, is complete when restricted to the closed sublattice of $I_e$ generated by $x_1,\ldots ,x_n$. Moreover, we show that a vector space which admits a ‘sufficiently strong’ $H_n$-function calculus for each $n\in{\mathbb{N}}$ is automatically a vector lattice, and we explore the situation in the non-Archimedean case by showing that some non-Archimedean vector lattices admit a positively homogeneous continuous function calculus, while others do not.