A new species of Archaebranchinecta (Anostraca: Branchinectidae) from the South American Altiplano

A detailed morphological comparison was carried out among specimens of several samples of Archaebranchinecta Rogers & Coronel, 2011 from the Altiplano of Peru, Bolivia, and Argentina. Surprisingly, striking differences were found between Peruvian samples collected near the western shore of Lake Titicaca, and those from Bolivia taken southwardly, near the east coasts of River Desaguadero and Lake Poopó. Accordingly, the new species Archaebranchinecta aimara sp. nov. is described, representing the second specific entity of a genus that so far included only A. pollicifera (Harding, 1940). The main differential features between both species include: (a) size and shape of the three processes of basal segment of the male second antenna; (b) shape and protrusion degree of the pair of medioventral bulges in the male genital segments; (c) presence or absence of strong ventrolateral spine on the second genital segment of female; and (d) presence or absence of a pair of ventrolateral outgrowths in the brood pouch. This research contributes to our understanding of the biodiversity and endemism of the unique Altiplano region of South America.

New data on the Oriental Xantholinini 39. New species and new records from the Philippines (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae)

Thyreocephalus dustucheus Bordoni, 2002 EXAMINED MATERIAL. Philippines, S Luzon, Bicol, Camarines Sur, Tigaon, I. Lumaawig I.2015, 1 ex. (cB); Mindanao, Compostela, Masala, I. Lumawig I.2015, 2 exx. (MZF), 1 ex.cB); Mindanao, Bukidnon, Kabanglasan, I. Lumawig XII.2014, 1 ex. (MZF). NOTE. This is an endemic Philippine species (Bordoni, 2002). New record for Mindanao. This is the first record since the description of the species. I provide a figure of the head and pronotum (Fig. 1). Thyreocephalus omaleus Bordoni, 2002 EXAMINED MATERIAL. Philippines, NE Luzon, Sierra Madre, Quirino, leg. ? IX.2012, 1 ♂ (cI); N Luzon, Cagayan, leg. ? VI. 2011, 1 ♂ (cB). NOTE. This is an endemic species of the Philippines (Bordoni, 2002). New record for Luzon. This is the first record since the description of the species. I provide a figure of the head and pronotum (Fig. 2). Metolinus libertatis Bordoni, 2002 EXAMINED MATERIAL. Philippines, Negros, Mt Canla-on, D. Mohagan II.2009, 1 ♂. (cI), 1 ♀. (cB). NOTE. This species was described from Panay (Libertad Fluss). New record for Negros. This is the first record since the description of the species. Metolinus finettii sp. n. EXAMINED MATERIAL. Holotype ♂: Philippines, Palawan, San Vicente env., C. Finetti I.2009 (cB). DESCRIPTION. Length of body 3.7 mm; from anterior margin of head to posterior margin of elytra: 2.1 mm. Body shiny, entirely light brown; antennae and legs yellowishbrown. Head quadrangular. Eyes large and protruding. Surface of head with traces of transverse micro-striation and very few, isolated punctures. Pronotum longer than head, anteriorly a little dilated where it is as wide as head, with oblique anterior margins and rounded sides. Surface with dorsal series of 3-4 fine punctures and lateral series of 2-3 very fine punctures. Elytra sub-rectangular, longer and a little wider than pronotum, with sub-rectilinear an sub-parallel sides, and rounded humeral angles. Surface with very fine, sparse puncturation arranged in three series, one near the suture, one median and one lateral. Abdomen without micro-sculpture, with very fine and very sparse puncturation on the sides. Tergite and sternite of the male genital segment as in Figs 3-4. Aedeagus (Fig. 5) 0.74 mm long, with large median lobe; parameres long and narrow; inner sac with two basal, long spines, a median series of short, little spinulae and a group of distal spines.

Morphology and terminology of dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) male genitalia

The external and internal male genitalia of 327 species of 11 tribes of the subfamily Scarabaeinae, including species of Deltochilini, Scarabaeini, Gymnopleurini, Ateuchini, and Coprini, among others, were examined. Descriptions of the variations in the genital segment, the aedeagus, the internal sac, and its sclerites and raspules are presented. An exhaustive comparison of structures, names, and terminology used in literature for Scarabaeinae male genitalia are discussed. The internal sac of the aedeagus is divided in areas for an easer comparison of its internal structures; basal, submedial, medial, and apical areas are described in detail and compared. The variation of apical and medial sclerites, as well as the raspules of the submedial area, are described and compared in detail among all the taxa studied.

A new species of the genus Cerviniopsis from Sagami Bay, Japan and reinstatement of the genus Neocervinia, with a report on the male of Neocervinia itoi Lee & Yoo, 1998 (Copepoda: Harpacticoida: Aegisthidae)

A new aegisthid copepod, Cerviniopsis reducta sp. nov. is described from the deep sea in Sagami Bay, Japan. The newspecies has superficial resemblance to C. minutiseta Ito, 1983 in the armature formula of swimming legs. However theydiffer from each other in the shape of setae of the swimming legs, the distal margin of operculum, length of caudal rami,and the location of setae on P5 exopod. Also, the male of Neocervinia itoi Lee & Yoo, 1998 is described on the basis ofsamples collected from around the type locality in Sagami Bay, Japan. Sexual dimorphism of N. itoi male can be observedin the fused rostrum, atrophied mouthparts, P5, and P6. The sixth leg is symmetrical and both gonopores are presumablyactive, based on the presence of two spermatophores internally in the genital segment. This paper reports for the first timeon the sexually dimorphic characters in the genus Neocervinia Huys, Mobjerg & Kristensen, 1997, reinstating its generic status with the newly revealed male characters.

Systematics of the southern African genus Epirinus Reiche (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae: Canthonini): descriptions of new species and phylogeny

The genus Epirinus is reviewed. It consists of 29 species, including six new ones described in this paper: E. aquilus, E. hluhluwensis, E. minimus, E. ngomae, E. pseudorugosus and E. sebastiani. A key to all the species of Epririnus is provided as are distribution map and illustrations of the most important morphological features to distinguish the species. Phylogenetic relationships within the genus are investigated, using cladistic analysis of 79 morphological characters including male and female genitalia. Various synapomorphies support the genus Epirinus as a monophyletic group of species. They are: shape of the internal border of the eye, genital segment with short projections, and presence of sclerite “X” in the internal male genitalia. There is no support for the flightless species to be treated as a separate genus, as has been proposed in the past.

The egg string attachment mechanism of selected pennellid copepods

The anatomy of the hook apparatus that attaches egg strings to the fish parasites Haemobaphes cyclopterina, Lernaeocera branchialis, Lernaeocera lusci, Lernaeenicus sprattae, Sarcotretes scopeli and Pennella balaenoptera (Copepoda: Pennellida) is described and illustrated. The hook rises from a cupulate base, extending posteriorly and anteriorly in the body cavity. The suspension of the apparatus in the trunk of the different species differs, but the function is similar. The hook tip enters the genital antrum, nearly penetrates the proximal end of the egg string, and continues into a notch on the antrum wall. The apex of the egg string acquires a concave depression like the finger end of a glove. In this way the string is mechanically attached inside the female genital segment. The mobile ectoparasites Lepeophtheirus salmonis and Hatschekia hippoglossi have hooks which function similarly, but perforate the strings.

Redescription of Alebion Carchariae Kroyer, 1863 (Copepoda, Siphonostomatoida) From Isurus Oxyrhinchus in South Africa

Two species of the genus Alebion have been recorded from sharks off the coast of southern Africa. The specimens were not fully described. The present work describes Alebion carchariae taken from Isurus oxyrhinchus taken near Cape Recife, South Africa. The new specimens bears some resemblance to the original description of Alebion carchariae and Alebion crassus, but differs from them significantly in especially the morphology of the genital segment.

SOUND PRODUCTION AND HEARING IN THE PYRALID MOTH SYMMORACMA MINORALIS

Males of the moth Symmoracma minoralis (Snellen) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae, Nymphulinae) were observed producing a high-intensity calling song (95 dB SPL at a distance of 10 cm) with a complex amplitude and frequency modulation (peaks of carrier frequency at 60 and 120 kHz). This sound is produced by a hitherto unknown type of sound organ located in the last abdominal (genital) segment, which may act as a tymbal. The observed directionality of sound output is probably achieved by means of a hollow cone surrounding the sound organ. Electrophysiological recordings revealed that the tympanal organs of S. minoralis are most sensitive in the frequency range from 50 to at least 100 kHz, which is distinctly higher than the minimum threshold levels in most other moths yet examined. The origin of genital sound production is discussed with respect to abdominal pheromone glands and pheromone-releasing movements.