Fried eggs and all-women gangs: the geopolitics of Chinese gold mining in Ghana, bodily vulnerability, and resistance

Between 2008 and 2016, more than 50,000 Chinese citizens migrated to Ghana to mine gold on small-scale concessions. This is particularly surprising given that small-scale mining is an activity reserved for Ghanaian citizens. Foreign gold mining is mediated by various intersecting political economic and geopolitical shifts, including unprecedented gold demand, economic crisis, and informal conditions to Chinese loans. Based on long-term, mixed-methods fieldwork, and drawing from feminist geopolitics research, we argue Ghana’s recent gold rush portends gendered implications for bodies in rural areas. We center our discussion on bodies to demonstrate the ways extractive practices increase vulnerability among women and children, including teen pregnancy and mercury exposure. Yet, women also contest foreign mining and its myriad implications (e.g., refusing to sell land and entering sites while menstruating despite being “forbidden” to do so). A feminist geopolitics perspective allows the tracing of specific political economic processes (Chinese monetary policies, informal loan conditions) to other sites (Pokukrom, the pregnant teen), thereby enabling a clearer understanding of how supportive interventions might occur.

ASSISTÊNCIA DE ENFERMAGEM ÀS ADOLESCENTES GESTANTES SOB A ÓTICA DE CALLISTA ROY

Objetivo: refletir o potencial de utilização da Teoria de Adaptação de Callista Roy no cuidado de enfermagem à adolescente gestante. Metodologia: reflexão baseada em revisão da literatura, que relaciona o papel da enfermeira no cuidado à adolescente grávida, evidenciando limitações e possibilidades. Resultados: as ações desempenhadas pelo enfermeiro permitem uma atenção individual e integral, bem como disponibilizam ferramentas para o enfrentamento das experiências da gravidez, parto e maternidade, de modo favorável à saúde do binômio mãe/filho. Conclusão: o referencial teórico de Callista Roy permite visualizar a adolescente como um sistema adaptável, com mecanismos de resistência das respostas condicionadas aos estímulos expostos, facilitando a compreensão do enfermeiro sobre as principais necessidades comprometidas no modo adaptativo de função da vida real e função de papel, pois favorece um melhor entendimento e resolução mais efetiva do cuidado.Descritores: Teoria de Enfermagem. Gravidez na Adolescência. Transtornos de Adaptação. Cuidados de Enfermagem.NURSING CARE TO PREGNANT TEENAGERS UNDER THE OPTICS OF CALLISTA ROY THEORYObjective: to reflect the potencial for use the theory of Callista Roy adaptation nursing care pregnant teen. Methodology: a reflection based on literature review, which relates the role of the nurse in the care the teenager pregnant, showing the limitations and possibilities. Results: the actions performed by the nurse allow individual attention and integral, as well as provide tools for confronting the experiences of pregnancy, childbirth, and motherhood, so favorable to the health of the mother/ child dyad. Conclusion: the theoretical framework of Callista Roy allows you to view the teenager as an adaptive system, with resistance mechanisms of conditioned responses to stimuli exposed, facilitating the understanding of the nurse on the main needs committed Adaptive mode of real-life role and function, since it favors a better understanding and more effective resolution of caution.Descriptors: Nursing Theory; Teenage pregnancy; Adjustment disorders; Nursing care.ATENCIÓN DE ENFERMERÍA A ADOLESCENTES EMBARAZADAS BAJO LA ÓPTICA DE CALISTA ROYObjetivo: reflejar el potencial de uso de la teoría de adaptación de Callista Roy asistencia a adolescentes embarazadas. Metodología: una reflexión basada en la revisión de la literatura, que se refiere el papel de la enfermera en el cuidado de la adolescente embarazada, mostrando las limitaciones y posibilidades. Resultados: las acciones realizadas por la enfermera permite una atención personalizada e integral, así como proporcionar herramientas para enfrentar las experiencias del embarazo, el parto y la maternidad, tan favorable para la salud de la díada madre-hijo. Conclusión: el marco teórico de Callista Roy le permite ver al adolescente como un sistema adaptativo, con mecanismos de resistencia de condicionado las respuestas a los estímulos expuestos, facilitando la comprensión de la enfermera en las principales necesidades confiado modo de adaptación de la vida real rol y función, ya que favorece una mejor comprensión y resolución más eficaz de atención.Descriptores: Teoría de enfermería; Embarazo adolescente; Trastornos de adaptación; Cuidados de enfermería.

“Coming Out Crip” in Inclusive Education

Background/Context The author argues that within inclusive education's almost obsessive focus on space, there is a tendency to ignore the ideological assumptions that undergird the curricular and extracurricular practices in schools that serve to construct certain student subjectivities as deviant, disturbing, and dangerous, thereby justifying their exclusion. Purpose/Objective/Research Question/Focus of Study Sexuality is one such discourse that challenges naïve notions of inclusion. Heteronormative in its ideological content, discourses of sexuality, being both restricted and restrictive, play a critical role in defining the “normal” child, while at the same time intervening in the most personal/private space of intimacy. The pregnant teen, the lesbian gay bisexual transsexual questioning intersex (LGBTQI) young adult, and the disabled student are some examples of children and youth for whom the mere expression of their sexuality casts them as abnormal. Thus, the author examines the dominant discourses of sexuality in the school curriculum from the critical standpoint of disability studies. Research Design Analytic essay. Data Collection and Analysis The author demonstrates how discourses of sexuality rely on the ideology of the “normate” to segregate, to exclude, and to dehumanize those sexual subjects who disregard the rules of normativity. Conclusions/Recommendations Transformative possibilities in “coming out crip” for inclusive education are discussed. To prevent Constance McMillen from bringing a female date to her prom, the teen was sent to a “fake prom” while the rest of her class partied at a secret location at an event organized by parents.