RECENT PROGRESS OF DIFFERENTIALLY PRIVATE FEDERATED LEARNING WITH THE SHUFFLE MODEL

The emerging of shuffle model has attracted considerable attention of scientists owing to his unique properties in solving the privacy problems in federated learning, specifically the trade off problem between privacy and utility in central and local model. Where, the central model relies on a trusted server which collects users’ raw data and then perturbs it. While in the local model all users perturb their data locally then they send their perturbed data to server. Both models have pron and con. The server in central model enjoys with high accuracy but the users suffer from insufficient privacy in contrast, the local model which provides sufficient privacy at users’ side but the server suffers from limited accuracy. Shuffle model has advanced property of hide position of input messages by perturbing it with perturbation π. Therefore, the scientists considered on adding shuffle model between users and servers to make the server untrusted where the users communicate with the server through the shuffle and boosting the privacy by adding perturbation π for users’ messages without increasing the noise level. Consequently, the usage of modified technique differential privacy federated learning with shuffle model will explores the gap between privacy and accuracy in both models. So this new model attracted many researchers in recent work. In this review, we initiate the analytic learning of a shuffled model for distributed differentially private mechanisms. We focused on the role of shuffle model for solving the problem between privacy and accuracy by summarizing the recent researches about shuffle model and its practical results. Furthermore, we present two types of shuffle, single shuffle and m shuffles with the statistical analysis for each one in boosting the privacy amplification of users with the same level of accuracy by reasoning the practical results of recent papers.

PROSES BERPIKIR KREATIF PESERTA DIDIK DALAM MEMECAHKAN MASALAH SOAL PISA DITINJAU DARI GAYA BELAJAR GLOBAL-ANALITIK

The process of creative thinking is a step that someone uses in produce new ideas and alternative ways/answers include the preparation, incubation, illumination and verification. The problem used is PISA problems with space and shape. Each individual has their own ways to absorbing information and solving a problem is learning style. Learning styles used are global and analytic learning style. The purpose of this research to describe students’ creative thinking processes in PISA roblem solving with global and analytic learning style. This research uses descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The research subjects were taken by two students each in global and analytic learning style in class X-IPA 1 of Senior High School 8 Kediri in the odd semester of the 2019/2020 school year. The result of this research showed that students’ creative thinking processess in PISA problem solving in PISA with global learning style can through preparation, incubation, illumination and verification. The student can do PISA problem in two different ways but the result are not coherent, do not write the basic formula and some write the final answer. In the incubation stage, student was saturation and difficulty on one of the ways which is found and the effect do silence for a moment. The next, student’ creative thinking processes in PISA problem solving with analytic learning style can also through preparation, incubation, illumination and verification. The student can do PISA problem in two different ways, the result are written coherently, step by step written clearly. In the incubation stage, student not have problem. Keywords:creative thinking process, PISA, learning style.

IMPLEMENTASI KARAKTERISTIK GAYA BELAJAR (4 MAT SYSTEM) PESERTA DIDIK PRODI PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KRISTEN DI STT KRISTUS ALFA OMEGA, SEMARANG TAHUN AJARAN 2017/2018

Learning style learning style is the best way used by students in learning to receive, absorb and process information received. This study aims to describe the characteristics of student learning styles which consist of the characteristics of the learning style of 4MAT System. The 4MAT System learning style developed by Bernice McCarthy proclaims four learning models namely; analytic learning, imaginative learning, common sense learning and dynamic learning. This study uses quantitative research methods with a type of descriptive research. With the research subject were students of the Christian Education Study Program at STT Kristus Alfa Omega, Semarang, which numbered 41 people. The technique of collecting data is done through questionnaires or questionnaires. The results showed the level of implementation of the 4MAT System learning style by the Christian Religious Education Study Program at the STT Kristus Alfa Omega, Semarang in the 2017/2018 academic year with a value of 77,177% which was at a high percentage, between (61-80).

Odniesienia do języka ojczystego jako strategia uczenia się gramatyki języka obcego: perspektywa polskich uczniów języka angielskiego

This article reports the findings of a qualitative study aimed at investigating the use of L1-based grammar learning strategies by beginnerlevel Polish learners of L2 English. The research looked into the participants’ accounts of their strategy use and into their perceptions about the usefulness of referring to one’s L1 in learning L2 grammar. Semistructured interviews were conducted as a data elicitation procedure. The findings pointed to considerable reliance on L1-based strategies, such as translation, in the participants’ learning of L2 English grammar, as well as positive opinions about their usefulness. L1-based strategies were reported to be used in explicit, analytic learning of L2 grammar, and their affective role in providing confidence to learners was also mentioned. Pedagogical implications include a need to raise learners’ awareness of the complex roles of the L1 in L2 learning and give them training in the use of specific strategies in order to make L1-based strategy use more informed.

Learning style preferences of nursing students at two universities in Iran and Malaysia

Purpose: Learning style preferences vary within the nursing field and there is no consensus on a predominant learning style preference in nursing students. The current study compared the learning style preferences of nursing students at two universities in Iran and Malaysia. Methods: A purposive sampling method was used to collect data from the two study populations. Data were collected using the Learning Style Scale (LSS), which is a valid and reliable inventory. The LSS consists of 22 items with five subscales including perceptive, solitary, analytic, imaginative, and competitive. The questionnaires were distributed at the end of the academic year during regular class time for optimum response. The Mann-Whitney U-test was used to compare the learning style preferences between the two study populations. Results: A significant difference was found in perceptive, solitary, and analytic learning styles between two groups of nursing students. However, there was no significant difference in imaginative and competitive learning styles between the two groups. Most of the students were in the middle range of the learning styles. Conclusion: There were similarities and differences in learning style preferences between Zabol Medical Sciences University (ZBMU) and University Sains Malaysia (USM) nursing students. The USM nursing students were more sociable and analytic learners, whereas the ZBMU nursing students were more solitary and perceptive learners.