An Analysis on the Pursuit of Happiness in The Lord of the Rings

Since The Lord of the Rings was adapted by Peter Jackson into trilogy film in 2001-03, it has astounded its critics and gratified its fans and students. Many critical journals or graduation papers have also talked about this massive novel. After doing a lot of reading concerning these reviews, it’s clear that most of them analyze this work using psychoanalytical criticism; myth and archetypal criticism; cultural studies, and recently ecocriticism. Among these theories, psychoanalytic interpretation mainly focuses on Freud’s key ideas, namely the id; ego; and superego. According to Freud’s theory that: “Psychoanalytic literary criticism is not simply about interpreting a text’s protagonists. It also seeks to relate the text to the mind of its author.”(Berg, 2003, p.84). In this circumstance, this paper will probably dig some new insights by using this theory. The paper will follow the protagonist’s inner mind through employing Freud’s some key ideas, such as repression and projection. Based upon psychoanalytic analysis of the protagonists, this paper tries to argue that the three Hobbits can acquire happiness as long as they deal properly with the relationship between themselves and the society. In other words, common people can also push the wheel of history as long as they code well with themselves and the society.

A personagem Éowyn, de O Senhor dos Anéis, sob um viés da crítica literária feminista e dos Estudos da Tradução

As mulheres integrantes da sociedade nórdica do século X foram, algumas vezes, retratadas como guerreiras, além poderem assumir o papel do marido quando este não estivesse disponível. Diante disso, buscou-se analisar uma possível semelhança entre a mulher nórdica e a personagem Éowyn do romance de J.R.R. Tolkien, O Senhor dos Anéis, publicado entre 1954-1955. Em seguida, pretendeu-se analisar a maneira como a personagem foi ressignificada na adaptação cinematográfica de Peter Jackson de O Senhor dos Anéis: As Duas Torres (2002) e O Senhor dos Anéis: O Retorno do Rei (2003), por meio da teoria de Linda Hutcheon (2006). A teoria de Kate Millet (1970) embasou o estudo e auxiliou na conclusão de que Éowyn desafia os padrões de personagens femininas de sua época e enfrenta o necessário para realizar seu desejo. Éowyn se destaca dentro da narrativa com tamanha intensidade que foi representada, na adaptação cinematográfica, sem grandes mudanças. Finalmente, esta pesquisa proporciona visibilidade a uma personagem feminina que se diferencia por conta de suas atitudes de resistência e contribui para a construção de personagens femininas que quebram estereótipos de representação da mulher.

Film locations as perilous realms of memory: Tourists negotiating mental, virtual and real topographies of Tolkien's Middle-earth

This paper examines film locations as places of memory (les lieux de mémoire) and their role in individual imagination. Film-induced tourism creates specific sites of memory typical of global popular culture; the places of confrontation, negotiation, and interplay between fiction and reality which affect our mental as well as the real topographies. The aim is to analyse how memorised film images determine visitors ' experience of real places and their imagining of J.R.R. Tolkien's fictional world, and vice versa. The film adaptations of Tolkien's "the Lord of the Rings" and "the Hobbit", directed by Peter Jackson, were shot in New Zealand, causing it to become touristically promoted and visited as "the home of Middle-earth" and "Middle-earth on Earth". This case is analysed as an illustrative example of the aforementioned processes.

The story of one crime: in life, in literature and in cinema

Today, the name of the New Zealand filmmaker Peter Jackson is known throughout the world. His films The Lord of the Rings and The Hobbit received many awards, were a major commercial success and conquered millions of viewers' hearts, including the admirers of J. R. R. Tolkien, who followed the screen adventures of their favorite literary characters with bated breath. However, connoisseurs of cinema had closely followed the work of Jackson for many years before the films' release, for his early films above all, Heavenly Creatures, based on a monstrous real crime impressed by the complexity of chosen topics and the outstanding directorial skills. This essay analyzes Heavenly Creatures, exploring the reality of a terrible murder in a sleepy, little New Zealand town the murder which was largely disclosed through explicit entries in the diary of one of the criminals; and which became the basis for the film's plot. In no way justifying the criminals, Jackson, however, makes it clear that the incident was also the fault of the adults who did not see and did not want to see the difficult situation of their daughters. To ban, to punish such educational measures largely anticipated the tragic ending: harmless fantasies turned into a tragedy. The action of the film could take place in any town, and not only in New Zealand. The film's warning - don't be indifferent to your children was understood by all viewers, regardless of their country. The essay looks at how the film was made by an artist who knew how to combine and make this combination credible art house and commercial cinema, surrealism (and other aesthetics of shock) and hard realism.

La representación del mundo en la Edad Media: la cartografía

El presente texto tiene por finalidad repasar de manera breve los principales aspectos de la cartografía medieval y particularmente de los mapas del mundo realizados en aquella época. Entre los principales aspectos a notar de estas representaciones del mundo se encuentra su desatención a las relaciones de distancia y escala, así como a la naturaleza funcional de la cartografía, a las cuales se nos ha acostumbrado a partir del surgimiento del cartesianismo. En cambio, los mappaemundi medievales parecen responder eficazmente a la definición de “mapa” propuesta por Peter Jackson, para quien este concepto engloba toda representación gráfica de conocimiento. Finalmente, la lectura que se propone de los mapas del mundo medieval se lleva a cabo desde el tamiz de las teorizaciones sobre el espacio de la escuela lefebvriana y en particular a partir del papel que el filósofo francés da a las representaciones dentro del proceso de la producción del espacio social.

Film

Hieronymus Bosch, Touched by the Devil (2015)NetherlandsDirector Pieter van Huystee Runtime 86 minutesIn Jackson Heights (2015)USADirector Frederick Wiseman Runtime 190 minutesYours in Sisterhood (2018)USADirector Irene Lusztig Runtime 101 minutesThey Shall Not Grow Old (2018)UK/New ZealandDirector Peter Jackson Runtime 99 minutesParagraph 175 (2000)USADirectors Rob Epstein and Jeffrey Friedman Runtime 81 minutes