Liver Injury and Elevated Levels of Interleukins, Interleukin-2 Receptor, and Interleukin-6 Predict the Severity in Patients With COVID-19

The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread worldwide, and the WHO declared it a pandemic on March 11, 2020. Clinical characteristics and epidemiology features of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 have been explored in the previous study. However, little is known about the combinative association of liver dysfunction and abnormal interleukins (ILs) in severe patients with COVID-19. This study was designed to estimate whether liver dysfunction and abnormal ILs could predict the severity of COVID-19. This study integrated liver function data and ILs data in patients with COVID-19 and found that liver injury and two ILs, interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), were closely related to the prognosis of patients with COVID-19. This study may give more exact information to clinicians about the prognosis of patients with COVID-19. In addition, this correlational study between liver disorder and ILs may provide a new vision to diagnosis and treatment in patients.

Mechanisms of Sex Differences in Ankylosing Spondylitis: Interleukin 2 Receptor Subunit Beta and CD3d Molecule Play an Important Role

Introduction:ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is characterized by sexual dimorphism in clinical manifestations. Our aim is to reveal the reason for gender difference in AS. Material and Methods: we used bioinformatics to analyze gene expression data of GSE73754. And verified by PCR and ELISA. Results: the pathogenic pathways leading to AS are Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation. The key gene involved in this pathway in male is interleukin 2 receptor subunit beta (IL2RB). The key genes involved in female are IL2RB and CD3d molecule (CD3D) . Both genes are immune-related genes.Conclusion: differences in key genes contribute to gender differences in AS. Male AS may require only one gene, while female AS requires two genes.