Aplikasi Pre-Heating dan Edible Coating untuk Peningkatan Kualitas Keripik Kentang

This study aimed to improve the crispness and to reduce oil absorption in potato chips. Potato chips crispness was improved by applying pre-heating, namely boiling and steaming before frying, while oil absorption was reduced by adding acacia gum as an edible coating. Boiling and steaming was conducted at 100°C for 0, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 minutes. Acacia gum (0, 3, 4, 5, and 6%) and calcium chloride (0, 0.5, and 1%) were added in the formulation. Boiling for 4 minutes yielded hardness of 384.902±25.10 g, moisture content of 3.02±0.07%, crispness score of 5.04±0.60 (crispy), and overall hedonic score of 5.10±1.43 (somewhat like). Further process by adding acacia gum 5% and calcium chloride 1% yielded potato chips with fat content of 28.01±1.56%, oil absorption ratio of 0.32±0.03, moisture content of 1.07±0.78%, and hardness level of 411.111±25.32 g. The products recuded oil absorption during frying up to 41.81±5.86%.

Study on hydrogen permeation behavior of X80 steel under AC stray current interference

Purpose Alternating current (AC) corrosion is a type of corrosion that occurs in buried pipelines under AC stray current interference, which can increase the hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity of pipelines. However, rare research works have been conducted on the hydrogen permeability characteristics of pipeline steel under AC stray current interference. The purpose of this paper is to study hydrogen permeation behavior of X80 steel under AC stray current interference. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the hydrogen permeation behavior of X80 steel under AC interference is studied by AC hydrogen charging experiment in a dual electrolytic cell. The relationship between hydrogen evolution rate and hydrogen permeation flux is studied using the gas collection method. The difference between AC hydrogen permeability and direct current (DC) hydrogen permeability is also discussed. Findings The anodic dissolution caused by AC corrosion promotes the chemical desorption reaction of the adsorbed hydrogen atoms on the surface, reducing the hydrogen atom absorption ratio by 70%. When the AC is smaller than 150░ A/m2, the hydrogen permeation process is controlled by the hydrogen atom generation rate, and the hydrogen permeation flux increases with the increase in hydrogen atom generation rate. When the AC exceeds 400░ A/m2, the hydrogen permeation process is controlled by the absorption ratio. The hydrogen permeation flux decreases with the decrease in the absorption ratio. Under AC interference, there is a maximum hydrogen permeation flux that linearly correlates to the H+ concentration in the solutions. Originality/value The high-strength steel is very sensitive to hydrogen embrittlement, and X80 steel has been widely used in oil and gas pipelines. To date, no research has been conducted on the hydrogen permeation behavior of pipeline steel under AC interference, and the hydrogen permeability characteristics of pipeline steel under AC interference are not clear. The research results of this paper are of great significance for ensuring the intrinsic safety of high-strength pipelines under AC stray current interference.

Electrical Resistance of Stainless Steel/Polyester Blended Knitted Fabrics for Application to Measure Sweat Quantity

Skin wetness and body water loss are important indexes to reflect the heat strain of the human body. According to ISO 7933 2004, the skin wetness and sweat rate are calculated by the evaporative heat flow and the maximum evaporative heat flow in the skin surface, etc. This work proposes the soft textile-based sensor, which was knitted by stainless steel/polyester blended yarn on the flat knitting machine. It investigated the relationship between electrical resistance in the weft/warp directions and different water absorption ratio (0–70%), different sample size (2 cm × 2 cm, 2 cm × 4 cm, 2 cm × 6 cm and 2 cm × 8 cm). The hydrophilic treatment effectively improved the water absorption ratio increasing from 40% to 70%. The weft and warp direction exhibited different electrical behaviors when under dry and wet conditions. It suggested the weft direction of knitted fabrics was recommended for detecting the electrical resistance due to its stable sensitivity and linearity performance. It could be used as a flexible sensor integrated into a garment for measuring the skin wetness and sweat rate in the future instead of traditional measurements.

Study of the Scattering-To-Absorption Ratio in Plasmonic Nanoparicles ‎for‎ Photovoltaic Cells and Sensors Applications

In this paper‎, ‎the scattering-to-absorption ratio that is a measurable factor and defined as the ratio of the scattering cross section to the absorption cross section in plasmonic core-shell nanoparticles with different shapes is investigated‎. ‎The effect of various plasmonic materials on ‎the scattering-to-absorption ratio is presented that can play a key role in plasmonic solar cell efficiency improvement‎. In addition to using plasmonic materials as silver and gold, we use poor metals as bismuth because this type of metals are good materials for UV plasmonics. We also use semiconductor copper chloride (CuCl) in our calculations, because this material exhibits a strong exciton resonance, while the interaction between the plasmon resonance in metals and the exciton resonance in CuCl leads to new plexcitonic modes.

Antimicrobial Potential of the Alkalophilic Fungus Sodiomyces alkalinus and Selection of Strains–Producers of New Antimicotic Compound

The ability of alkalophilic micromycetes of the species Sodiomyces alkalinus to produce antimicrobial compounds was studied. As a result of the determination of the spectrum and yield of antibiotic compounds, a promising producer of the antimycotics Sodiomyces alkalinus was selected from the most active strains 8KS17-10. The producer exhibited antifungal activity against opportunistic fungi, as well as pathogenic clinical isolates of molds and yeasts—pathogens of systemic mycoses. The isolated active compound can be attributed to the group of antimicrobial glycopeptides based on the totality of the identified structural features (molecular weight, absorption ratio at certain wavelengths).