Heart Disease Prediction Using Machine Learning

This paper revolves around a classification use case of machine learning in which the intention is to predict the possibility of a heart disease in an individual given certain parameters. Machine Learning is extensively being used across the world. The healthcare industry has also commenced leveraging these data driven techniques. Machine Learning can play a vital role in predicting the likelihood of locomotor disorders, Heart ailments and more such diseases because machine learning is well known for its use cases in classifying, categorizing and predicting. Such information, if predicted well, can provide key foresight to doctors who can hence mould their diagnosis and course of treatment per patient basis. The main advantage of using machine learning in healthcare is its ability to parse and process huge datasets which are beyond the scope of human abilities, and then accurately convert the derived analysis of that data into clinical insights that can aid medical practitioners round the globe in planning stratergies for providing care to patients, ultimately leading to more promising results, reduced costs of care and last but not the least , increased patient satiation and response/recovery. To simplify and solve this problem, solutions were provided using multiple supervised learning algorithms like logistic regression, Naïve Bayes, random forests, decision trees, support vector machines and K-nearest neighbours. The best accuracy was seen using random forests.

A locomotor assay reveals deficits in heterozygous Parkinson’s disease model and proprioceptive mutants in adult Drosophila

Severe locomotor impairment is a common phenotype of neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease (PD). Drosophila models of PD, studied for more than a decade, have helped in understanding the interaction between various genetic factors, such as parkin and PINK1, in this disease. To characterize locomotor behavioral phenotypes for these genes, fly climbing assays have been widely used. While these simple current assays for locomotor defects in Drosophila mutants measure some locomotor phenotypes well, it is possible that detection of subtle changes in behavior is important to understand the manifestation of locomotor disorders. We introduce a climbing behavior assay which provides such fine-scale behavioral data and tests this proposition for the Drosophila model. We use this inexpensive, fully automated assay to quantitatively characterize the climbing behavior at high parametric resolution in 3 contexts. First, we characterize wild-type flies and uncover a hitherto unknown sexual dimorphism in climbing behavior. Second, we study climbing behavior of heterozygous mutants of genes implicated in the fly PD model and reveal previously unreported prominent locomotor defects in some of these heterozygous fly lines. Finally, we study locomotor defects in a homozygous proprioceptory mutation (Trp-γ1) known to affect fine motor control in Drosophila. Moreover, we identify aberrant geotactic behavior in Trp-γ1 mutants, thereby opening up a finer assay for geotaxis and its genetic basis. Our assay is therefore a cost-effective, general tool for measuring locomotor behaviors of wild-type and mutant flies in fine detail and can reveal subtle motor defects.

ACTUAL DIRECTIONS OF THE OPTIMIZATION OF THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF LOCOMOTOR DISORDERS IN SPASTIC FORMS OF INFANTILE CEREBRAL PALSY

The review of actual directions of optimization of surgical treatment of locomotor disorders in spastic forms of infantile cerebral palsy is presented. When choosing the tactics of the treatment for this category of patients, the following criteria should be taken into account: the degree of disturbances in motor activity associated with muscle tone disorders, the spasticity pattern, the presence of joint contractures, limb deformities, the level of intellectual development, the presence and severity of perceptual disorders. The implementation of simultaneous operations allows reducing the period of immobilization of the child and the period of temporary incapacity for work of parents and recommended for the treatment of patients with cerebral palsy at all levels of the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS). There are considered modern methods of surgical treatment of spastic instability of the hip when the choice of the method of correction of the acetabular component of instability depends on the degree of abnormalities of the anatomy of the acetabulum, mainly from the deficit of the bone covering of the head of the femur and the «slanting» of the roof of the acetabulum. In the treatment of contractures of knee joints in order to prevent сrush syndrome, the elongation of the medial group of tibial flexors is advisable to be used in conjunction with tonus-enhancing operations in the anterior group of femur muscles with their secondary weakness. When treating axial deformities of the knee joints and unequal length of the legs, it is important to observe the timeliness principle (during the active growth of the skeleton) with the use of minimally invasive surgical interventions - hemi and epiphysiodesis - to avoid the need for more traumatic interventions.

Assessment of life quality in disabled individuals

This article presents the study of the features of the subjective evaluation the quality of life of disabled people. The article contains a comparative analysis of Paralympians and persons with locomotor disorders and a comparison of Paralympian and professional athletes. The study describes the features of perception of the life in a time perspective and considers some characteristics of the quality of life (self-attitude, coping strategies, values). Within the framework of the presented research which was revealed Paralympians' positive assessment of their quality of life, unlike the comparison group (athletes and persons with locomotor disorders). An orientation to the future and positive assessment of the present tense are typical for paralimpians. They demonstrate a high level of satisfaction with social relationships, positive view of their own health, and the harmonic type of relationship to the disease, which allows adequate distribute their own strength and to determine their capabilities. Paralympians confront to their physical defect by overcoming the difficulties that they face in everyday life, and through sports. The structure of the Paralympians' attitude to yourself indicates the importance of the self-development indicators and orientation to overcome the difficulties. Thus, Paralympians show less interest in the others assessment of their capabilities and achievements as opposed to professional athletes. Sport is a life that allows Paralympians feel full member of society. Sport helps Paralympians to exclude from their behavior destructive forms of responses in stressful situations, which are typical for people with disorders of the musculoskeletal system, who also not involved in sports and don't take active part in a social relations.

The application of electrical myostimulation for the purpose of neuro-rehabilitation

We undertook the review and analysis of the current literature publications of the leading national scientific schools and theforeign authors concerning the application of electrical myostimulation for the purpose of neuro-rehabilitation of the patients presenting with the stroke-associated locomotor disorders. The method is based on the electrical stimulation of the nerves and muscles by means of the application of a current with the pre-determined characteristics from the myostimulator through electrodes to the human body. The current thus triggers the sanogenetic mechanisms of the organism and thereby promotes the restoration of the lost function. At present, there is no universally accepted algorithm for the application of stimulation therapy. Therefore it was deemed appropriate to describe various approaches to the use of the above method together with the conflicting results obtained with the help of electrical myostimulation.