Double-headed stereotaxic carrier apparatus for insertion of depth electrodes

✓ A carrier device has been developed for use with a stereotaxic apparatus. It can be attached to the OBT frame or to any Leksell-type frame. With this carrier, intracranial insertion of commercially available depth electrodes with built-in connectors is possible. By using two different heads mounted on a single carrier, the surgeon can perform a transcutaneous twist-drill trephination and attach the screws through a chuck, adjust the device in the horizontal plane, and then insert and anchor the electrodes by using a small platform with a hinged roof.

The first human stereotaxic apparatus

✓ The first human stereotaxic apparatus was probably built in London, England, around 1918 to the specifications of Aubrey Mussen, a neuroanatomist and neurophysiologist who had worked with Clarke. The recent acquisition by the Montreal Neurological Institute of Mussen's original apparatus prompts this report on the salient points of his career, and summary of his early contributions to stereotaxy.