IMPROVEMENT OF THE INVESTMENT POLICY OF THE BELARUSIAN STATE FOOD INDUSTRY CONCERN ON THE BASIS OF CREATION OF THE FOOD INDUSTRY CORPORATION

The article is devoted to the most important direction of improving the investment policy of the concern «Belgospischeprom» - the creation of the Corporation of the food industry on the basis of the concern, which will make it possible to carry out a comprehensive reform of the food industry in the Republic of Belarus, including by pooling resources and reducing costs; more prompt and focused solution of issues related to the financial recovery of a number of organizations; increasing the return on state assets, primarily by improving the management system; centralization of management; creating an integrated value chain, etc.

Consisting and prospects of self-sufficiency level increase of the main livestock products in Ukraine

The state food security near-term depends on the balanced development of agriculture on the whole and separate directions of agrarian business, which produce raw material and prepared food for providing necessities of internal market consumption. The agri-food subcomplex of Ukraine is characterized strengthening disadvantages between a plant-grower and livestock. More resources particular branch are concentrated on the production of agricultural cultures of feed and technical value, considerable volume of which Ukraine export for the necessities of other countries, forgetting about needs and possibilities of domestic AIC. In the article conducted analysis of self-sufficiency level on the basic types of livestock products in Ukraine that taking into account influence on forming of national food security. A statement of meat and meat products analysis is conducted after basic kinds, eggs, milk and dairy products in Ukraine during 2018–2019 years. Certainly level of self-sufficiency on the basic livestock products in Ukraine, and also taking into account the rational norms of consumption. It is set as a result of research, that the greatest level of self-sufficiency of the poultry farming products, namely by poultry meat and eggs – 126 %. A production of pig meat volume in Ukraine does not provide the annual fund of consumption, which is compensated thorough import in a volume over 100 thousand ton during 2019 year. Level of self-sufficiency and other types of meat pork, does not exceed 88 %. Deepening of the crisis phenomena is observed in the cattle breeding which is characterized rapid reduction of cows, in particular in the households through low purchase prices on milk and difficult social and demographic processes. Although a production of milk, beef and veal, volume in Ukraine answers the necessities of internal market development, however through annual reduction of cows head in a long-term prospect there will be a deficit of the cattle breeding products, which will be provided through import deliveries that negatively will influence on the state food security. With the purpose of strengthening the food security in Ukraine it is necessary to inculcate the system of measures financial, organizational, economic and technological direction.

The Staff of Life: Feeding the People

The evacuation of millions of people and the loss of the agricultural base in the occupied territories dealt a double blow to the Soviet Union. Major grain-producing lands were lost, and millions of evacuees and refugees had to be fed. Home cooking everywhere gave way to communal dining in canteens. The state established a highly differentiated rationing system. During the war’s grimmest years, hunger and starvation-related disease, so well documented in Leningrad, also claimed many lives in the Soviet rear. Civilians could not live on rations alone. State stocks provided most of the calories, and a parallel system of subsidiary farms, local procurement, gardens, and collective farm markets supplemented the ration. State, party, and union organizations played an essential role. Scientists and canteen workers experimented with substitute foods. Despite terrible hunger, state food policy had widespread support, allowing the country to survive the terrible shortages of the war years.

Hunger and Food Policy of Russian Empire in Late 19th — Early 20th Centuries

The question of the causes and circumstances of overcoming hunger in Russia in the late 19th — early 20th centuries is considered in the article. Attention is paid to the analysis of historiographic material on the research topic. A review of food campaigns in Russia during the specified period is carried out. Particular attention is paid to the issue related to the circumstances of the 1891—1892 campaign, which demonstrated the inconsistency of the Food Regulations in effect in Russia since 1834. The author dwells on the issues of reforming the state food system. The main changes that took place in the state food system and associated with the approval of the food rules of 1900 are considered. The question is raised about the role of local governments in the state food policy of the period under study, as well as the perniciousness of the principle of “self-help”, which is the basis of the state food system. Attention is paid to the organization of charitable assistance to the population in the context of food campaigns. It is proved that the Russian village in the 90s of the XIX — early XX centuries was in a state of permanent food crisis due to the lack of a working model of the state food system.

Development Of An Algorithm For State Food Security Policy

Food security for the country in the framework of international and internal development should hold a leading position in the state policy of Ukraine. Accordingly, we have proposed an algorithm for state food security policy. It consists of six stages. The first stage involves the implementation of the concept of food security, the main efforts of which are to improve the legal and security of food security; increasing food quality control; development of sectoral agribusiness development programs; implementation of investor protection measures; optimization of the degree of foreign countries' involvement in their own food and export markets; preserving and developing the scientific potential of the agricultural sector, supporting scientific and technological progress; bringing consumption norms to science-based ones; maintaining the necessary level of food provision for different segments of the population through the implementation of social programs and the development of food banks.

ANALYTICAL EVALUATION OF FINANCIAL ASSETS OF ENTERPRISES

The article facing attention to the importance of the presence of current assets at the enterprise, as an element of its solvency and profitability. The essence of financial assets is revealed and the importance of their distinguishing from a part of current assets for a more detailed and clear analysis of the enterprise. The dynamics and structure of the main elements of financial assets of enterprises of various branches of the economy of Ukraine and the Odessa region are analyzed. Attention is drawn to the growing role of financial assets in enterprises, since they affect the level of solvency and financial sustainability of the enterprise. During the period of 2015-2019, agricultural and industrial enterprises of Ukraine and the Odessa region suffered significant changes in the structure of assets. Analysis of the structure of assets of CJSC "State Food-Grain Corporation Corporation of Ukraine" and PJSC "Odessa Cable Plant" Odeskabel "for the period 2015-2019 showed that the enterprises there is a logical tendency for the distribution of working capital and non-current assets according to their sectoral affiliation. The analysis showed that in the assets of agricultural enterprises of mobile assets is almost twice as low as in real assets. In industrial enterprises, the distribution in the structure of assets has also been formed with exceeding the share of current assets by 10 percentage points. Financial assets were analyzed as elements of current assets on investigated enterprises in 2015 -2019. Conclusions on the tendency of increasing this element of current assets, as receivables, two terms - cost and its share. In the analysis of financial assets of the state joint-stock company "State Food-Grain Corporation" of Ukraine ", attention was paid to such an element Finance. Once assets as current financial investments. This is an important part of financial assets, but they are not present at each enterprise. It has been analyzed that their share for 2015-2018 was constantly fluctuating. If in 2017, their share was 73% of all oblast assets, then in 2019 at the investigated enterprise they did not have become, but, at the same time, cash and their equivalents have increased. We considered it expedient to pay attention to this process.

A NEW DOCTRINE OF FOOD SECURITY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: LEGAL AND TECHNICAL AND IDEOLOGICAL ASPECTS

В статье рассмотрены особенности содержания Доктрины продовольственной безопасности, утверждённой Указом Президента Российской Федерации 21 января 2020 г. Дан юридико-технический анализ структуры документа, рассматриваются его взаимосвязи с иными актами стратегического планирования, а также источниками аграрного права на федеральном и региональном уровнях, общими положениями международного законодательства. Анализируются новые и скорректированные (в сравнении с ранее действовавшим аналогичным актом) принципы и приоритеты государственной продовольственной политики, расширение и конкретизация полномочий субъектов Российской Федерации в области продовольственного обеспечения населения. The article discusses the features of the content of the Food Security Doctrine, approved by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation on January 21, 2020. A legal and technical analysis of the structure of the document is given, its relationships with other acts of strategic planning, as well as sources of agricultural law at the federal and regional levels, general provisions of international law are examined. The author analyzes the new and adjusted (in comparison with a previous similar act) principles and priorities of state food policy, the expansion and specification of the powers of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the field of food supply for the population, sustainable development of rural territories.

Local is lekker! The Search for an Appropriate Food Identity for the Free State Province, South Africa

The objective of this paper was to establish a food identity for one of South Africa’s least visited provinces, the Free State Province. Twenty-nine qualitative responses were obtained via structured interviews from tourism government and tourism association employees, local restaurateurs, local food and drink producers, local residents and a local historian. Key findings indicate that the Free State’s food identity can be described as hearty, comfort food cooked from ingredients typically found in the Free State, using recipes and preparation techniques passed on from generation to generation in Basotho and Afrikaner families. Meat and beer emerged as fundamental local items to be focussed on and promoted. Implications of the study include local tourism stakeholders gaining knowledge of which food items to promote as Free State food. The study shows that food tourism can assist in growing the tourism sector in the Free State, the development of a food tourism route and lead to the creation of a new tourism brand focussing on typical Free State food. Key literature contributions of this study include closing a literature gap by further studying food tourism in South Africa and establishing a determination process of authentic food identities for any destination.

Anti-Thermal Shock Binding of Liquid-State Food Waste to Non-Wood Pellets

The development and implementation of strategies to assist safe and effective transport and storage of pellets in containers and indoor facilities without heating systems are challenging. This study primarily aimed to reshape the organic fraction of municipal solid waste into a liquid-state binder in order to develop freezing–defrosting-proof non-wood pellets. The introduction of the standard solution of food waste into the process of pelleting consisted of stirring it together with the residual biomass from distillation of cellulosic bioethanol or alternatively spraying very fine droplets on the layer of the starting material before it entered the pilot-scale automatic machine at 200 MPa and 125 °C. The addition by spraying of carbohydrate-rich supplement boiled for five minutes caused the pellets to show increases in apparent density (1250.8500 kg·m−3), durability (99.7665%), and hydrophobicity (93.9785%), and consistently prevented them from suffering severe mechanical fracture by thermal shock. The fractal dimension of breakpoints, cracks, and delamination on the finished surface for these products was the smallest at 1.7500–1.7505. Sprayed pellets would fall into the strictest grid of products for residential heat-and-power units, even after freezing and defrosting. The conclusion is therefore that spraying can spectacularly ensure the reliability of liquid-state food waste as an anti-thermal shock binder for non-wood pellets.