CRITERIA FOR ESTIMATING THE SENSORIMOTOR REACTION TIME BY THE SMALL UAV OPERATOR

Context. The rapid development of science and technology predetermines a significant expansion of the fields of application of UAVs different purposes. The key to the effective use UAVs is high-quality training of operators, an important element of which is the PPS of candidates, in particular, the assessment of their sensorimotor reactions. This can be achieved by selecting and justifying appropriate criteria. Objective. The goal of the work is the justification criteria for estimating the time sensorimotor reactions of a small UAV operator by analyzing the density distribution of statistical data. Method. A method has been developed to determine criteria for evaluating the time of sensorimotor reactions a small UAV operator based on the accumulation statistical material and its mathematical processing based on the results of a field experiment. The method allows to estimate numerical characteristics the distribution of the average reaction time in three modes: training production, in the conditions overload, in the conditions of overtraining and to obtain a generalized estimation. It was possible, by analyzing the occasional noninterruptible values, which take values within a certain range of values, to establish standards against which the obtained values the sensorimotor reaction time of the small UAV operator are compared and a decision is made on their suitability for training. Results. We obtained statistical series for the modes of assessment: skill development, under obstacle conditions, under conditions skill restructuring. For a visual representation of the series the corresponding histograms the distribution of the average reaction time duration were constructed. In order to eliminate the representativeness error, statistical series alignment was carried out by selecting a theoretical distribution curve for each series, which displays only essential features of the statistical material. For this purpose, we approximated the histogram of distribution by the polynomialf fourth degree. The interval theoretical density of distribution, in which the time sensomotor reaction of an arbitrary person is considered normal, with a given probability reliability such event – 0.95 has been established. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, algorithms for estimating the sensorimotor reaction time of a small UAV operator in three modes have been synthesized and the corresponding software that implements the proposed algorithms has been developed. Conclusions. The criteria for evaluating the sensorimotor reaction time for UAV operator to a visual stimulus using specialized software were substantiated. This allowed the previous PPS training candidates to take into account the requirements to the motor skills of the small UAV operator and the specificity his movements. The conducted experiments confirmed the validity of decisions made. Prospects for further research may include expansion of testing modes with justification for appropriate evaluation criteria.

THE INFLUENCE OF BOXING EXERCISES ON THE COGNITIVE PROCESSES AND SPEED OF SENSORIMOTOR REACTIONS OF 15-17 YEARS OLD BOYS

The article is dedicated to studying of the influence of boxing trainings on thinking processes of the process of physical education and speed of sensorimotor of 15-17 years old boys. The goal of the research is optimization process of the physical education and improvement of the cognitive processes of 15-17 years old boys. The methods of the research are methodological literature analysis, psychophysiological reaction testing, applying computer complex, pedagogical experiment and mathematical statistics methods. It was proved that boxers have better ability to fast reacting (t=2.513 with p0.05), higher indicators of functional level of central nervous system (t=3.165 with p0.05), stability of reaction (t=2.248 with p0.05), better indicators of average reaction time with sound and visual interferences (t=3.104 with p0.05), better indicators of attention capacity (t=2.317) with p0.05). Attention diversification (t=2.793 with p0.05), that prove positive impact of boxing exercises on the thinking processes. There was implemented author program, applying no-contact special boxing exercises. There were 30 students, 15-17 years old, in the experiment. The indicators of the average time of the reaction (Wilcoxon criteria T.emp.=144 with p0.05) and stability of reaction (Wilcoxon criteria T.emp.=133 with p0.05) become better after the experiment. Other indicators like indicators of average reaction time with sound and visual interferences (Wilcoxon criteriaT.emp.=112 with p0.05), indicators of attention capacity (Wilcoxon criteriaT.emp.=61.5 with p0.05) and indicators of attention diversification (Wilcoxon criteriaT.emp.=7 with p0.05) become better as well. The conclusions are: the results of the research prove the effectiveness of the experimental program.

Smart Headgear for Assessment of Auditory Response Reaction Time of Professional and Amateur Kendokas

In Kendo, the ability to execute a technique within the shortest time is essential for winning. The purpose of this study was to utilise an in-house developed automatic headgear-scoring sensor with a buzzer to determine the auditory response reaction time (ARRT) of professional (PK) and amateur (AK) Kendo practitioners. ARRT is defined as the time required for a participant to hit a target after a buzzer is sounded. A total of 14 participants took part in this study. The participants were requested to hit the opponent’s headgear target, which consisted of a pressure sensor, upon hearing the buzzer. The average reaction time of PK is 0.44 s, and for AK 0.58 s, with a significant difference between the two groups (p < 0.0001). The in-house developed automatic headgear-scoring sensor with buzzer can be utilised to assist a Kendo practitioner in training to shorten the response reaction time to improve competition performance.

Features of Speech Reactions to Mental State Concepts

<p>The article is devoted to the problem of mental state associative speech representation. The study involved 31 Russian-speaking subjects (27 females and 4 males) at the age of 18 - 22 years old. The experimental procedure using DMDX program allowed to measure the time of speech response to stimuli - the concepts of 25 mental states. The average reaction time to the concepts of mental states, shown on the computer monitor, made 2114.68 milliseconds. The most rapid associative speech response was the response to the following stimuli: "ecstasy" (1452.54 msec), "meditation" (1569.26 msec), "tranquility" (1685.21 msec), the slowest response is the response to "interest" (2517.5 msec) and "indecision" (2454.63 msec). In total, 448 associations were given to the concepts of 25 mental states by tested subjects - speech reactions, i.e. 17.9 associations per mental state on the average. The greatest number of speech associations (24) was given to the concept of love. The smallest number was given to the concept of ecstasy (11 associations). Associative fields of mental states (meditation, ecstasy, melancholy, tiredness, loneliness) have the most pronounced core. The prospects of the study consist in the performance of a similar associative experiment among the representatives of another culture, as well as in the studying of an estimated and situational associative representation of mental states.</p>

The influence of stimulus material on attention and performance in the visual expectation paradigm

This longitudinal study examined the influence of stimulus material on attention and expectation learning in the visual expectation paradigm. Female faces were used as attention-attracting stimuli, and non-meaningful visual stimuli of comparable complexity (Greebles) were used as low attention-attracting stimuli. Expectation learning performance was operationalized using the average reaction time and number of anticipations. For the measurement of attention, the percentage of trials with on-task attention behavior was calculated. To analyze attention and differences in performance, a total of 108 German infants (3–6 months of age) were assessed. Significant differences were found between the two types of stimuli concerning the infants’ rate of attention and anticipations. The results indicate learning material to influence attentional processes and expectation learning.

Typewriting Rate as a Function of Reaction Time

This study was designed to determine the relationship between reaction time and typewriting rate. Subjects were 24 typists ranging in age from 19 to 39 yr. Reaction times (.001 sec.) to a light were recorded for each finger and to each alphabetic character and three punctuation marks. Analysis of variance yielded significant differences in reaction time among subjects and fingers. Correlation between typewriting rate and average reaction time to the alphabetic characters and three punctuation marks was —.75. Correlation between typewriting rate and the difference between the reaction time of the hands was —.42. Factors influencing typewriting rate may include reaction time of the fingers, difference between the reaction time of the hands, and reaction time to individual keys on the typewriter. Implications exist for instructional methodology and further research.