T. H. Huxley’s turbulent apprenticeship years: John Charles Cooke and the John Salt scandal

Thomas Henry Huxley’s early medical apprenticeships (between 1838 and 1842) were largely a family affair. They were overseen by one brother-in-law, John Charles Cooke, in Coventry, and another brother-in-law, John Godwin Salt, in London. With both Cooke and Salt teaching at Sydenham College, a private medical school in London, young Huxley too attended this cheap anatomy school in its final year (1841–1842). Huxley developed an interest in botany under Cooke, who was the Professor of Toxicology at the Medico-Botanical Society in 1842. But the brothers-in-law led chaotic lives. Cooke over-indulged in beer and opium, grew corpulent, and eventually failed to make a living teaching. Salt was involved in a previously unexplained scandal, which equally had an impact on the young Huxley. Shortly after Huxley ceased living with John and Eliza Salt (Huxley’s favourite sister), John Salt was jailed for a second time as an insolvent debtor. Huxley was privy to events, sympathetic to the family, and facilitated their flight from the country in 1846.

EKSPLORASI PERMASALAHAN DALAM IMPLEMENTASI COMMUNITY-BASED EDUCATION DI FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi permasalahan-permasalahan yang dapat ditemukan saat implementasi Community-based Education (CBE) di fakultas kedokteran. Pendekatan kualitatif eksplorasi dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi permasalahan yang sering ditemui dalam implementasi program CBE. Pengumpulan data dilakukan di fakultas kedokteran negeri dan swasta dengan evaluasi dokumen, wawancara semistruktur, dan observasi. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah program CBE yang tidak menetapkan tujuan pembelajaran bersifat generik, kurang melibatkan peran aktif masyarakat dalam kegiatan pembelajaran mahasiswa, kebutuhan masyarakat yang jarang teridentifikasi, dan tidak adanya program yang berkelanjutan dapat menyebabkan kejenuhan masyarakat atau kegagalan program CBE mencapai tujuannya.Kata kunci: community-based education, implementasi, masalah, metode berkelanjutann EXPLORATION OF PROBLEMS IN COMMUNITY-BASED EDUCATION IN THE FACULTY OF MEDICINEAbstractThere were sereval problems in the implementation of Community-based Education CBE that need to be further explored. Exploratory qualitative approach was carried out to identify problems that were often encountered. Data collection was conducted in Public Medical School and Private Medical School by using document evaluation, semi-structured interviews, and observation. The conclusion of this study is CBE program that does not set the generic learning objectives, less involvement of the community active participation, the needs of community who are rarely identified, and the absence of a sustainable program can lead to saturation of the CBE program or failure to achieve its objectives.Keywords: community-based education, implementation, problems, sustainable methods