Lexis of a foreign language origin: Arabisms with the meaning of ‘Jewelry and occult objects’

In the article six lexemes of the thematic group ‘Clothes and household items’, the subgroup ‘Jewelry and occult objects’: diamond, fringe, beads, sultan, amulet, and mascot are considered according to the methodology proposed earlier by the authors, including the lexicographic, etymological and semantic aspects of the study of Arabisms, analysis of their syntagmatic and paradigmatic relations, adaptation processes in the receiving language and use in its functional styles. Based on the materials of the National Corpus of the Russian language, the specific character of their functioning in the Russian speech is revealed.

Complex structure of place name has minority language origin in Tuyen Quang Province, Viet Nam

A place with an ethnic minority language origin in Tuyen Quang is a place where a part of the words is the language of the ethnic minorities in the area. The word "element" here is understood as the basic elements, the basis of the place name, which can be a common element or an individual element. Usually, the element with the origin of the ethnic minority language is often located in the individual element, but sometimes in the common element. Thus, in the place names, there must be an element that can easily recognize the ethnic minorities in them. In this work, we learn about the characteristics of place names based on survey documents of place names with elements of ethnic minority languages written in National language and places in the original form fieldwork surveying and descriptive methods as well as interdisciplinary approach and some other methods have been utilized in the research.

Comparative typological features of segmental phono-stylistic means in words of foreign language origin in Russian and Uzbek languages

This research is devoted to the analysis of stylistic peculiarities of phonovariants of words of foreign origin in Russian and Uzbek. It is aimed at the investigation of the stylistic values of phonovariants of the borrowed words in the Russian and Uzbek languages and substantiation of the isomorphic and allomorphic features of such language units in comparison. So as to achieve the aim of the research, several objectives of the research are set: identification of the current status of the research problem; review of related literature; analysis of stylistic peculiarities of phonovariants of the words of foreign origin in compared languages; substantiation of isomorphism and allomorphism of honostylistic features of borrowed words in Russian and Uzbek; discussion of stylistic potential of phonovariants of the words of foreign origin in compared languages.

THE POPULAR CHARACTER OF THE BATTLE OF STALINGRAD

The article deals with the history of the Battle of Stalingrad during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945..The article describes the mobilization of Kazakhstanis to fight the Nazis and the contribution of the Soviet people to the Victory, as one of its main factors. The article highlights the role of women, children and the elderly who worked in the rear with the Soviet troops and took part in the war, which caused great suffering to humanity, as an example of heroism in the defense of the Fatherland. The author pays special attention to the fact that the Soviet people fought heroically on the fronts, worked hard day and night in the rear, regardless of language, origin and nationality. In this regard, the author concludes that the contribution of the entire Soviet Union to the war was the heroic people's war against fascism.

‘Unravelling Babel’: Mary LeCron Foster on the origins of language

The origin of human language has been a perennial – and perennially controversial – topic in linguistics since the nineteenth century. Much of this work has engaged themes Charles Darwin set out in The Descent of Man, though few authors acknowledge the text directly. How might we interpret such neglect? This essay contends that Darwin's reflections on language challenged foundational commitments in linguistics about the barrier between the history and prehistory of human communication. These commitments are thrown into relief through a detailed study of the dissenting symbolic and gestural theory of language origin put forth by Mary LeCron Foster, who rejected doctrines of linguistic arbitrariness and transformational-generative grammar. Her work on the frontier between animal and human communication is presented through a description of her ‘phememic’ account of the language origins. The paper also emphasizes the rhythm of Foster's career, which provides a significant counterpoint to standard accounts of the development and institutionalization of American linguistics during the twentieth century.

MAIN SEMASIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ARABIC AND PERSIAN LOANWORDS IN THE KARACHAY-BALKAR LANGUAGE

Purpose: lexical and semantic interpretation of Arabic and Persian loanwords in the Karachay-Balkar language. Methods: a descriptive method that allows us to present the basic semasiological characteristics of borrowed arabisms and persiisms in a synchronic aspect. An oppositional analysis that makes it possible to distinguish lexical oppositions of identity, equipolent, privative type, and others focused on the functional features of various words. Contextual analysis that involves clarifying the semantics of certain classes of tokens. Results: based on the analysis of the factual material of the Karachay-Balkar language, arabisms and persiisms were identified, which in the recipient language expand their meanings and become polysemantic. Lexical and lexical-grammatical homonyms that form two -, three -, and four-term models of homonymic series of various partial-part belonging are presented. Absolute and partial, multi-root and single-root synonyms are defined, including the dominant synonymous series. The taxonomy of antonyms with foreign language origin is carried out. Scientific novelty: the article is the first to systematically study the basic semasiological characteristics of Arabic and Persian loanwords in the Karachay-Balkar language using the methods of structural linguistics. Practical significance: the main provisions and conclusions of the article can be used in scientific and pedagogical activities when considering problems related to the identification and linguistic description of arabisms and persiisms that function in the lexical system of the Karachay-Balkar language.

Placenames of indigenous origin in Acre-Brazil

Toponymy, a discipline that studies place names, is one of the branches of Onomastics: science responsible for the study of proper names. This study aims to trace a profile of toponyms of indigenous origin in the rural area of Acre, analyzing toponymic motivations related to fauna, flora and hydrography in Acrean geographic features. This corpus – collected in the maps provided by IBGE, with a scale of 1: 250,000 and 1:1,000,000 – was based on the theoretical-methodological proposal by Dick (1990, 1992), especially regarding the taxonomic model, composed of 27 taxa, subdivided into physical and cultural categories, and as to the catalogue and storage of toponymic database (DICK, 2004). The results revealed that, out of 392 toponyms, 74% are names linked to physical and geographic characteristics, 20% concerning cultural factors and 6% were unclassified. The research showed that toponymic motivation is mainly based on flora, fauna and hydrography predominantly from Tupi language origin.

PROBLEMS OF PHILOSOPHICAL CONCEPTUALIZATION OF LANGUAGE: PERPETUUM MOBILE

The work of the 5th round table discussion "Philosophy: hermeneutics of concepts" is devoted to the topic "Problems of philosophical conceptualization of language: Perpetuum Mobile". This topic is considered in the context of the problem of glottogenesis, which has a long history. In a speech by A.A. Shadrin, the problem of the language origin is revealed through an appeal to the concepts of Perpetuum Mobile and Tabula rasa. Turning to these concepts allows us to represent the language in the aspect of the implementation or neutralization of the innate ability to speak, which characterizes a person in his being. The innate ability to speak is defined as congenital but not natural. In relation to the problem of glottogenesis, the concept of Perpetuum Mobile is defined as a self-sufficient productive construct, each time returning thinking to its language source. The idea of Tabula rasa serves as a metaphor for a "clean board" on which any linguistic structures that can exist within any human language, as a whole and / or system, can appear. Thus, the traditional definition of a person as a bio-social being gives way to the philosophical concept of a person as a linguo-social being.